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Interaction
April 2016
Interaction
INTRODUCTION by Rob Norman .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 3
A SHORT WALK THROUGH THE NUMBERS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 20
AD FRAUD .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 23
ONLINE BRANDS ADVERTISING ON TV . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 27
TRADITIONAL TV BRAND ADVERTISING ONLINE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 29
ADBLOCKING . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 31
THE YOUNG TV AUDIENCE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 35
VIEWABILITY .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 39
THE NUMBERS:
ARGENTINA  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 42
AUSTRALIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 43
AUSTRIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 44
BELGIUM  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 45
BRAZIL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 46
CANADA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 47
CHILE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 48
CHINA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 49
CZECH REPUBLIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 50
DENMARK  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 51
FINLAND  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 52
FRANCE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 53
GERMANY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 54
GREECE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 55
HONG KONG  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 56
HUNGARY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 57
INDIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 58
INDONESIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 59
IRELAND  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 60
ITALY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 61
JAPAN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 62
LATVIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 63
LITHUANIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 64
MALAYSIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 65
MEXICO  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 66
NETHERLANDS  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 67
NORWAY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 68
PHILIPPINES  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 69
POLAND  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 70
PORTUGAL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 71
RUSSIA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 72
SINGAPORE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 73
SLOVAK REPUBLIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 74
SOUTH AFRICA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 75
SOUTH KOREA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 76
SPAIN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 77
SWEDEN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 78
TAIWAN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 79
THAILAND  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 80
TURKEY  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 81
UK  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 82
UKRAINE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 83
USA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 84
VENEZUELA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 85
VIETNAM  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 86
APPENDICES  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 87
GroupM
Central Saint Giles
1 St Giles High Street
London WC2H 8AR
United Kingdom
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Every effort has been made
to ensure the accuracy of the
contents, but the publishers and
copyright owners cannot accept
liability in respect of errors or
omissions. Readers will appreciate
that the data are as up-to-date only
to the extent that their availability,
compilation and printed schedules
will allow and are subject to change.
2 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
CONTENTS
Introduction
Introduction
3 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
4 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Welcome to Interaction 2016, our annual aggregation of digital media data
and opinion.
The velocity of thought leadership and its dissemination has accelerated and
colleagues from the world of GroupM and its agencies have published more
than ever before. We are therefore focusing on areas we feel are most critical to
the overall marketplace.
As ever the world has changed. Microsoft (other than Bing) and Apple
effectively exited the advertising business, internet icon AOL was acquired by
Verizon (Yahoo next?) and ad tech company Tapad by Telenor, continuing
a trend of telco moves into data and advertising. Rather than further
commentary on mergers and acquisitions, the dominance of Facebook and
Google, the emergence of Snapchat and the possible implications of virtual
and augmented reality or the machinations of competition between the
digital giants, the purpose of this document is to identify the most important
aspects of the year ahead as they pertain to advertisers.
SIX AREAS STAND OUT
	 1	 The integrity of the digital media supply chain
		• The challenge of the stream and the curious case of online
video measurement
	 2	 Meeting the challenge of ad avoidance
	 3	 The unabated rise of the app
		• The medium is the Messenger
	 4	 E-commerce
		• Retailers, marketplaces and selling on the edge
	 5	The economics of television creation and distribution and the
role of the advertiser
	 6	The opportunity and challenges for data-driven advertising
and its attendant security
Supply chain integrity—criminal,
commercial and critical
In March of 2014 the Wall Street Journal asserted that some 36% of all
web traffic was fraudulent: specifically that only 64% of aggregated traffic
was viewed by humans rather than by “bot” software designed to inflate
the volume of impressions in the market and thus defraud advertisers by
charging for impressions that simply did not exist.
Alongside this patently criminal action was the compounding effect of
impressions that were served into websites but that never entered the
screen space visible to the user.
The purpose
of this note
is to identify
the most
important
aspects of the
year ahead as
they pertain to
advertisers.
INTRODUCTION
5 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Together these factors created a sudden and entirely legitimate loss of
confidence in the digital inventory supply chain. The right not to be a
victim of crime is self-evidently inalienable.
Advertisers are far from the only victims of fraud. It has been suggested
by many authorities that it is providing a significant part of the funding
of organized crime and the trafficking of armaments, narcotics and
human beings.
The battle against fraud is being waged across the industry and by
organizations like the Trustworthy Accountability Group that have made
a huge contribution by verifying publisher inventory as authentic and
giving advertisers greater confidence that bot traffic can be identified and
that they will not be charged for it. Such traffic will never be eliminated
completely, but the incentives to the fraudsters can be massively reduced
if detection prior to payment is effective.		
Viewability is a commercial issue not a criminal one. In less than two years
digital media trading on behalf of major advertisers has migrated from
ignorance of the issue, to shocked recognition, to a high level of vigilance in
both display and video. Many advertisers in the USA in particular now trade
exclusively on viewable impressions. The GroupM USA standard is simple.
100% of the ad must appear in the viewable window in order to qualify for
payment. In video the same standard applies with the added qualification that
at least 50% of the first 15 seconds of video must be viewed, with the sound on.
For advertisers familiar with television this seems a modest expectation.
This is not a simple matter, but rapid progress is being made. The
technology exists to verify our standard and many publishers have
redesigned their sites to maximize viewability. It already seems clear 2016
will be the year in which demand for bad supply will plummet.
It already seems
clear that 2016
will be the year
in which the
demand for
bad supply will
plummet.
6 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
GroupM has elected to take a robust stance in North America—and now in
markets such as Canada and Australia—abetted by the vociferous support
of our clients and by many publishers who believe their inventory to be of
premium value. It helps that we confine transactions to about 200 suppliers
for the vast majority of our business. Walking in the best-lit neighborhoods
is the best way of keeping safe.
By working with those partners and staying away from other inventory we
believe that we are succeeding in minimizing the challenges of fraud and
viewability. Our goal is to standardize this approach around the world.
This is a long but valuable endeavor. Our goal is to drive a behavioral
change that reduces the need for rules. If the appropriate incentives can
be agreed upon we will succeed. Nowhere is this more important than
in programmatic media where velocity must not be allowed to obscure
integrity. Programmatic is about the automation of manual processes
in trading and data application, not a mechanism for creating the illusion
of efficiency.
The challenge of the stream and the curious
case of online media measurement
The biggest outstanding challenge remains viewability in “feed-” or
“stream”-based environments including Facebook, Twitter and Instagram
as well as the vast majority of mobile applications. Given the astonishing
growth of mobile media consumption this is of immense significance. Now
saturated in terms of device penetration, mobile has overtaken the desktop
in almost all aspects of digital media behavior although desktop use itself
remains at a four-year average.
Most mobile use is scrolling, in which advertising is inherently ephemeral.
Many have adopted verification standards yet three factors concern us:
• First, the speed of the scroll means advertising may pass through the
viewable window yet be seen only fleetingly
• Second, the notion that “autoplay” video with a charging event after
three seconds “in window” may not represent a reasonable period for
advertising effect. This is not to say that it has no effect.
• Third, the propensity for individuals to consume their feeds without
sound, a behavior exaggerated by the autoplay factor
The message to video advertisers would appear to be simple: if creative
assets do not deliver their goals within three seconds and without sound,
the value of in-feed video has, at least, to be questioned. Given the
pervasiveness of these platforms new creative forms would seem to be
an imperative. It may be time to remove the zero from the 30-second
standard that has characterized video advertising for generations. Perhaps
those will give rise to a new definition of earned media in which the
dividend is calculated by the number of seconds viewed over and above
the point at which the advertiser is charged.
It may
be time
to remove the
zero from the
30-second
standard.
7 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Irrational exuberance is short-lived in challenging economic times. If
advertisers don’t find a creative and economic formula that works they will
take their investment elsewhere or simply move still more spend toward
trade marketing and promotions at the expense of advertising.
The feed-based publishers have created an outstanding user experience
as evidenced by their popularity. They have succeeded equally in creating
targeting capabilities using unprecedented volumes of data. The ad units
of the past just don’t fit in the containers of the present, and extensive
work is underway to prove or disprove the value of very short video
interactions. The outcome of that work will be to value feed video to both
buyer and seller. This process will have a substantial impact on supply and
demand. If the value exists, in terms of long- and short-term recall and
effectiveness, at a price above the available yield from other ad units, a
substantial source of supply will be created. If not the opposite will apply.
Digital video is further complicated by the metrics available to advertisers.
Despite the limitations of television measurement it is possible to assess the
role the medium plays in people’s lives both in terms of programming and
advertising. Further, it is easy enough to tease out viewing cohorts and their
viewing hours and to discover the content to which they pay attention.
Such comparison is not available in feed or some other digital-only
environments. The early days of the internet promised the most accountable
media ever. It became apparent quickly that there was a large difference
between accountable and countable. Countable, unfortunately, is only of
value if those in control of what appear to be perfect data choose to share,
and have verified, that data. Thus far this has not been forthcoming. Instead
partial metrics such as time spent per average monthly unique user and
aggregated video hours seem to be the limit of disclosure.
The early
days of the
internet
promised
the most
accountable
media ever.
8 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
There are far more illuminating metrics such as video views, initiated video
views (as opposed to autoplay) and advertising (as opposed to content)
views among particular cohorts. In the United States, for example, Nielsen
reports that 89% of all online video is consumed by 11% of households.
Absent more disclosure from the platforms concerned we can only speculate.
One piece of speculation may be this: if Facebook users spend on average
almost 50 minutes per day on the company’s platforms it’s probable that
around one-tenth is spent with video, most of which is autoplay. Given
Facebook’s desire to put the user first it’s unlikely that more than one-
tenth of the videos to which the user is exposed are advertising—yielding a
maximum of 50 seconds of ad exposure per user per day. If that is true the
number of ads that are watched for 10 seconds or more may be less than
one per user per day. We offer this calculation not as “a truth” but as an
informed speculation absent actual proof.
This is not an issue exclusive to Facebook, but as the market leader
(by far) in feed-based advertising it seems reasonable to ask the company
to publish such data at a level of granularity that allows its sole source
of revenue, the advertiser, to make informed decisions. If that happens,
Twitter and Snapchat will follow suit by necessity and a clearer picture will
emerge. For now we have to draw our own conclusions. Facebook reports
1.6 billion users and 10 billion video views per day: extraordinary numbers,
but numbers without the context of time and distribution are numbers
of limited meaning. YouTube is barely more of an open book, but at least
autoplay is not an issue and we believe that Google will begin to report
more illuminating data soon.
The tools to verify and measure audiences exist. In almost all cases these
tools are also deployed. However, until that deployment yields relevant
The tools for both
verification and
measurement of
audiences exist.
9 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
and actionable reporting the advertiser will continue to be uneasy. This
unease is exaggerated by the resistance to third-party adserving into
some apps. Advertisers fought a long battle for the right to do this on the
desktop and for the right to pay on independent “counts.” If 2015 raised
the demand for truth across the entire media ecosystem, 2016 will be the
year of reconciliation or consequence for failure. By mid-2016 results from
Moat verification in Facebook and Twitter’s feed will be available at usable
scale; our expectation is of high (if short) viewability and low (if any) fraud.
The key as mentioned above is how this translates into effectiveness.
Adblocking: cause, effect and resolution
I can’t see you, so you can’t see me.
Adblocking has alarmed both publishers and advertisers. For the former
it means that total impressions served are not reflected in the amount of
ad inventory available for sale. For the latter, the cost takes the form of
lost potential reach rather than a direct financial penalty. There are many
competing theories that purport to explain the rise of adblocking: latency
of site performance, the cost of data for rendering ads, the clutter of sites,
a resistance to ad tracking, irritation at being retargeted with a product
already purchased and so on. Some or all of these are true some of the time.
There is also the broader “because I can” theory. Simply, if the content is
available without ads it’s a superior consumer experience. The “covert”
contract between user and publisher that called for the acceptance of
advertising in exchange for content has been breached.
The range of responses to the problem are as varied as its causes. Some
publishers warn the user with an adblocker installed that, in addition to
ads, content will also be blocked.
Other publishers have engaged in aggressive site redesign to make for
a better experience that includes ads. In doing that they are being more
selective about the ads they run, the targeting engines that place them
and the load / latency implications of both the ads themselves and the
multiple tags they contain for verification, tracking and attribution.
Advertisers and the entities that place their ads have always sought
relevance and engagement; the consumer has chosen to set a higher bar.
Advertisers and the buyers of media have a further responsibility.
Until now, we have assumed almost all data are worth having. But however
much he gathers, no advertiser commands complete, continuous data. This
creates a risk that the advertiser’s left hand may not know what his right hand
is doing. A customer who has already made a purchase may be bombarded
with redundant repeat ads wherever he roams: what we might call the
phenomenon of “repetitive irrelevance.” Even worse, several advertisers may
be sharing the same data and using performance-oriented media, multiplying
Other
publishers
have engaged
in aggressive
site redesign
to make
for a better
experience
that includes
ads.
10 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
the “repetitive irrelevance.” Tracking and targeting intended to make
advertising welcome makes it a nuisance. It is dysfunctional. The
advertiser damages his reputation and pays to do so.
This brief analysis suggests that a partial solution to adblocking is a
combination of design, technology, common sense and the ability to
establish the point, across channels and vendors, at which the application
of a particular data point becomes the poison of marketing rather than
the antidote to ineffectiveness.
Others have alternatative solutions. The creation of “paid inclusion”
adblocker beaters seems insidious and tantamount to the use of the
superhighway by superhighwaymen. The notion that approval of ads and
advertisers by anyone other than the advertiser, publisher or consumer
seems absurd.
Reports of the penetration and usage of adblockers and its cost to the digital
advertising economy vary widely and wildly. Initially the received wisdom was
that this was a desktop problem restricted to young male gamers in Central
Europe. The logic was clear: gaming works best with minimal latency; ads add
to that latency; so they block them. This diagnosis proved hopeful more than
helpful. We now believe the problem to be widespread if not catastrophic;
however, we believe the tide can be stemmed.
The last fortress against adblocking is the mobile app ecosystem, but it would
be unwise to assume that this is a permanent redoubt. Today this security
is created by the inability of third parties to insert the necessary code into
any given application, but betting against the ingenuity of those who seek to
change that seems risky at best.
The adblocking conundrum raises a further challenge to advertisers.
The part of the digital experience served by the publisher’s content
management system is readily accepted by users, but the part served by
the ad management system is not. In consequence access to the former
stream becomes an imperative.
Most commonly referred to as native advertising or content marketing,
this precious real estate calls for a higher bar as the publisher has to
consider the value of transparently-sponsored content to the user. This
demands the creation of advertiser funded “stories” that are legitimately
editorially relevant to the user. This should lead to a developing practice
in “story finding” as opposed to story telling. Simply defined, story
finding is the process of finding “authentic” editorial themes to which
brands can attach their own narrative. Doing this requires close vendor
collaboration and disclosure to the user. The approach is clearly going
mainstream as vendors as diverse as Conde Nast, The Guardian, New York
Times, Vice and Refinery29 have all invested heavily in content studios
to satisfy this demand.
The last
fortress against
adblocking is
the mobile app
ecosystem.
11 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Delivering this solution repeatedly and at scale will be onerous, but like
so much in digital marketing nothing turns out to be as easy as it might
have seemed.
All change; there’s an app for that.
Apps are familiar to any smartphone or tablet user. Increasingly they are
familiar to smart TV and watch owners and to the buyers of new cars,
home automation systems and household appliances. In the absence of
precise data, certainly at a global level, it is estimated that 90% of time
spent with a smartphone is mediated by an app. Most users have 30 to 50
apps installed. Of those, less than 10 represent 90% of aggregate usage.
Those are dominated by Facebook (including Instagram, Messenger and
WhatsApp) and Google (Gmail, search, maps and YouTube) along with
Amazon and others. Users also, subject to the cost of data, will use a range
of communication, entertainment, commerce and service apps (banking
for example) and many, albeit a narrower group, will use health and
gaming apps. Locally the names change but while some apps are
near-global, regional analogs tell the same story. The dominant apps are
united by ease of use, frequency of use and value. It is easier for a camel
to pass through the eye of a needle than it is for a new application to
break into the top 10.
The rise of the app ecosystem challenges two familiar narratives of the
digital age. The first is that fragmentation is an exponential curve of
fractured media control. It’s not. All the evidence in the app environment
suggests a consolidation of both usage and ownership. The second is that
digital evolution has been described as “broadcast to desktop to mobile”
when more accurately it can be characterized as “channels” (many),
to sites (very very many) to apps (many created, many installed but
remarkably few used with any frequency).
Channels
to sites
to apps.
12 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
For advertisers, the creation of persistent relevance in the major apps is a
challenge for now and the coming years. It may be that advertising is simply
not enough, and that a new focus on content supporting a brand narrative
and services that attract frequent engagement through utility will become
a priority. This will not be cheap, easy or quick, but nor was the path to
dominance by certain companies in commercial television. The general rule
is that if your ambition is to deliver a return on scale you have to leverage that
scale in the market; the ultimate dividend is persistent competitive advantage.
The medium is the Messenger
Every generation or two has its communications channel of choice: from
letters, to the telegram, to the telephone, email, SMS and now instant-
messaging platforms. From WeChat and Line to WhatsApp, Facebook
Messenger and Snapchat there are now in excess of two billion unduplicated
users of messaging platforms. Far from being simply the IP version of
SMS, messenger platforms are increasingly enriched by content, services,
payments and commerce. The implications are substantial and have the
potential to vaporize SMS as a revenue stream and disrupt activities as
diverse as customer service and banking. Messaging has also enabled the
rebirth of ancient language; hieroglyphics have been reinvented as emojis.
Messenger services succeed because they are instant, intimate and require
minimal bandwidth and device capability. This drives adoption among the
young, the time-starved and those to whom fiber-to-the-home is far from
a near-term reality. Facebook’s dominant position in the sector is a partial
explanation for its commitment to internet.org, which will deliver sufficient
bandwidth to many so far untouched by the internet. The unduplicated users
of Facebook’s two messenger platforms now match those of Facebook itself.
Messenger
services
succeed
because they
are instant,
intimate
and require
minimal
bandwidth
and device
capability.
13 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
E-commerce. Retailers, e-tailers,
marketplaces and selling on the edge
The rush to digital retailing is speeding up. Amazon continues its
dominance in the West and Alibaba in the Far East. The companies are
notable for their contrasting business models; Amazon, a conventional
retailer that buys and holds stock, and Alibaba, a platform that
connects buyers (millions) and sellers (tens of thousands). The Uber of
e-commerce? They are not alone. China’s No. 2 player JD.com follows the
Amazon model, and Flipkart in India and MercadoLibre in Latin America
follow Alibaba.
It’s dangerous to predict the future, but there is a sense that the newer
entrants will follow the marketplace connection model. Wish for example
is a platform based in Europe that connects thousands of (mostly) Chinese
merchants to markets across the world and uses nothing more complex than
the postal service for fulfillment of goods that perform necessary functions
and are rarely adorned with name brands. By contrast Flipkart, another
marketplace, is likely to bet heavily on a logistics ground war in India. It will
use that to fill the gaps in Indian infrastructure and is likely to license this
asset beyond its own uses. This could be the world’s first “ground cloud.”
Interestingly, Wish and others are also key revenue drivers of Google
and Facebook and are joining the top five advertisers on each of those
platforms alongside online travel bookers and others. It’s fairly certain
that the Facebook and Google Top 100 look less and less like the Ad Age
Top 100 every day.
Of course every retailer and every brand owner is prioritizing digital
sales channels as consumer behavior shifts. That shift is accelerated
by mobile adoption and that in turn is fueling the idea of “commerce
at the edge.” This idea follows the same logic as off-platform content
distribution. As publishers can no longer rely on every user to visit their
own destination they look to Facebook Instant Articles and elsewhere to
spread their reach. Similarly merchants and brand owners are looking
to make as many interactions as possible shoppable by taking commerce
opportunities beyond their owned-and-operated properties. Media space
is becoming shelf space. That the only commerce model is the “everything
store” is no longer true as opportunities open up for more and more
brands to sell directly to consumers rather than through either traditional
or digital store intermediaries.
For many brand owners e-commerce sales still represent a tiny fraction
of total volume, but all recognize that’s a short-term situation and that
“selling everywhere” is key to their future. In many cases brand owners
who contemplate owned-and-operated commerce solutions do so in part
for sales but also for the potential to collect first-party data that fuels
targeting on the broadest array of platforms.
That media
space is
becoming
shelf space
is no longer
a matter for
conjecture.
14 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
A whole bundle of problems for
television (as we know it)
Amazon and Netflix made aggregate profits of less than $500 million
in 2015. In 2016 they will spend $10 billion creating content. The Walt
Disney Company, by contrast, reported profits of $8.4 billion for the year
(may the force be with it). Netflix and Amazon have almost no barriers to
market entry anywhere in the world that has enough affordable bandwidth
and enough people that can pay each party $100 per year for service. On
its own this may be enough to catalyze long-term disruption. Clearly both
companies need the tide of revenue and profit to rise sooner rather than
later. An economic cold snap in the manner of 2009 could make services
like Netflix seem like a “nice to have” addition to free-to-air television
but not a necessity. Equally, a significant rise in energy costs could inflate
Amazon’s already immense fulfillment costs and impact margins to a level
that induces unease among its investors. The current bet is that Amazon
video drives adoption of Prime and Prime breaks down the barrier of
instant gratification across categories.
Assuming no such calamities, these companies represent an existential
threat to the status quo in any country where the concept of “bundled
subscription content” is the norm and where those bundles are prescribed
by the provider of cable, satellite or broadband access. The bundle supports
three things. First, a persistent and significant subscription revenue
stream; second, the ability of many sub-prime channels to gain household
distribution; and third, the mixed economy of subscription and advertising.
In “Interaction 2012” we commented that Netflix was unlikely to be able to
make and acquire content at sufficient speed to become a primary choice
for consumers. We were wrong and the arrival of Amazon Instant Video in
multiple markets merely amplifies the error in our analysis.
The implications are far-reaching. On the one hand Amazon and Netflix
represent a new market for creators and producers and a new enticement for
broadband for the unconnected and poorly connected. At the same time they
represent a threat to suppliers of a connection and content bundle as the
temptation to choose from the a la carte menu over the prix fixe increases.
The greater threat is to those channel owners that are a component of the
bundle that are paid for by many but watched by fewer. In an a la carte
world the value of either Netflix or Amazon’s service seems superior to most
competitors. Outside of the most basic subscription packages the adhesive
in the bundle is live sport and the economic ramifications for sports
broadcasters and rights holders of so called “cord cutting” are substantial.
Incidentally “cord cutting” is a rather inaccurate descriptor. The broadband
cord remains central, it’s the bundle that goes with it that does not.
There is no good news for advertisers in this series of developments.
Netflix and Amazon, like HBO and other super-premium services, neither
rely on nor pursue advertising as a significant revenue source and its
A more
competitive
market in the
communication
channel that is
most effective
at building
brands.
15 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
growth clearly reduces the amount of screen time available for advertising,
particularly among younger and more affluent audiences. This leaves
advertisers with a more competitive market in the communication channel
that they know is most effective at building brands. Falling supply together
with this usage imperative combines to increase costs for reaching an
audience; an audience that is already compromised by non-live viewing
and the fragmentation of attention caused by concurrent device usage.
While there may be some mitigation of effect through the deployment of
synchronous and asynchronous application of “second screens” it would
appear that the tide does not favor the advertiser.
It’s absurd to declare that either television or television advertising are
dead and equally absurd not to recognize the role of the most familiar
media brands in creating innovative advertising opportunities in both
linear and non-linear environments.
The availability of data and the application of technology have refined
the use of television. Where addressability to the set-top box is available,
first- and third-party data sets are matched with subscriber files allowing
delivery to only those homes that match the targeting requirement.
Campaigns are reported on true set-top data enabling the advertiser to
establish a direct link to sales or other events. In the USA we expected 50%
of television households to be addressable by the end of the first quarter
of 2016. At this scale, many large advertisers will adopt addressable
advertising. Additionally almost all the legacy players have OTT (over the
top) solutions accessible via broadband as opposed to the cable bundle. We
believe that these parties could further advantage both themselves and the
advertiser against their native digital competitors by collective action in
respect of user data. If the advertiser had full visibility across all available
inventory and associated transaction data we believe that ad-supported,
on-demand, professional content would increase its share of the available
video market. Television has moved significantly to embrace the potential
of data yet there is little sign of market-level collaboration.
The availability
of data and
the application
of technology
have refined
the use of
television.
16 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
The effects of this evolution will play out over time and at different speeds
around the world. In some markets, like China, advertisers are already
advanced in the migration from television to digital video. In that case
there is less of a commercial legacy to disrupt. In western markets the
change will be slower but may redraw the economic landscape of television
more dramatically.
Data—the story unfolds bit by bit
It is now accepted that the CMO and CIO positions are interdependent in
the business of managing customer data in pursuit of generating demand
and growth. The simple notion is that the more data signals that can be
harvested and applied to segmentation and media targeting the more
effective the investment will be. It follows then that the CIO needs to
create a platform for deployment by the CMO to the greatest effect.
One fundamental benefit to the smart data user is an advantage against
both competitors and the suppliers of media inventory that comes
from knowing something about a customer or a prospect or even an ad
impression that the other party does not know. We might refer to this as
achieving “data asymmetry,” perennially a key factor in media trading.
Achieving the advantage of asymmetry applied to external markets
requires organizations to achieve symmetry inside the organization. This
in turn requires alignment on the right Data Management Platform, one
that ingests and values data and keeps it secure while allowing it to be
applied outside the organization.
One way to address the priorities of the CIO and CMO is to place data
into two containers:
1. Data you own, typically about the customer you know
	 • CRM, loyalty, transaction data, email databases and site-side analytics
For many
advertisers that
dividend has
taken longer
to arrive than
many hoped
or expected.
17 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2. Data you rent or buy or accrue as the consequence of other actions
such as an ad campaign, typically about the customer you would
like to know
	 • Third-party, campaign-level and social-community data that tends
to be more ephemeral and often available to others or indeed
controlled by others
The challenge is to conjoin that data for deployment and to increase the
scale and value of the first container to reduce dependence on the second
container over time. In so doing the dividend of data will be accrued most
successfully. For many advertisers that dividend has taken longer to arrive
than many hoped or expected. It’s becoming clear that all data is not born
equal; a hierarchy of data will emerge with transaction and first-party data
at the top and loosely-inferred behaviors far behind. This will be as true
in the programmatic application of data as it was in the days of purely
manual processes.
To date the application of data has become most refined closest to a
binary event, such as a sale. Its value as part of the fundamental evolution
of marketing will depend on the ability to identify events or measures
that are proxies for future sales and lifetime customer value. Omnichannel
attribution including non-digital channels is central to the achievement
of this goal.
As such it is inappropriate to rely on attribution by companies that
are funded all or in part by advertising and whose value is imputed from
how successfully they generate revenue. This makes imperative the
creation of independent “data spines” that have the capability to connect
people to devices and both people and devices to actions. Further, these
data spines need to cross categories as the richest portrait comes from
understanding holistic consumer behavior rather than behavior in
isolated use cases.
Data spine development will be a key part of the strategies of leading
marketing services companies and also of the giants of marketing
technology as both assemble assets that endow the ability to segment
and address audiences based on fact as well as faith.
GroupM and WPP have taken the view that the corporate end-game is
to have the capability to apply “all the data, to all the inventory, all the
time and in real time.” Once equipped with this universe, we can refine
the skill to apply the right data to the right inventory at the time of
maximum opportunity. In pursuit of this goal we have determined that
a meta-solution is superior to a rigid tech stack; simply put, this means
having access to secured client data, our own data and third-party data
and conjoining these for application to private (well-lit, high-quality)
inventory sources via a broad range of interfaces unified on the desktops
of our planners and analysts.
GroupM and
WPP have taken
the view that the
corporate end
game is to have
the capability
to apply “all the
data, to all the
inventory, all
the time and in
real time.”
18 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
We have commented before that digital channels and their addressable
nature have enabled micro-segmentation and even audience delivery at
the individual level. We concluded that the distribution side of advertising
was well advanced in this regard but the creative or manufacturing side
was not. Our conclusion has not changed. Advertisers are under pressure
in creative terms from two sides. The first is to create messaging of
sufficient relevance and specificity to exploit its granular delivery and
the second is the need for platform-specific assets. The range of formats
has exploded. Video that works on television does not work on YouTube
and much less on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. We believe that
2016 will be the year in which digital creative strategy and dynamic asset
management needs to be as central to the success of digital marketing as
media allocation, execution and measurement.
Immutable truths amid the
constancy of change
1.	The integrity of the digital supply chain encompassing fraud,
viewability and meaningful measurement are of existential
importance to the digital advertising economy
2.	Advertising stops working when it is avoided. Better design, greater
value to the consumer, and the responsible use of data both in terms
of cost to the consumer’s data plan and privacy are essential
3.	The app ecosystem represents both challenge and opportunity. The
opportunity is for brand participation in the fast-growing mode of
media consumption; the challenge is for brands to create impact and
value and earn the attention of the consumer.
4.	 Selling everywhere rather than somewhere will be the new normal for
retailers and brand owners. Where intent exists so does the need to
satisfy it.
5.	Consumers love video. They love it in short and long formats and
increasingly they love it on demand and often free of advertising.
Technology enables this. It also enables precision and relevance in
targeting that will drive efficiency for advertisers and maintain “free
video” as a key platform of marketing communication. This is just one
part of the evolving economics of what we have traditionally referred
to as television.
6.	 Data has changed advertising. It has not unequivocally changed
it for the better. Our collection and application of data needs to
be responsible in targeting and holistic in respect of attribution.
Only then we will combine respect for the individual with true
understanding of behavior.
We live in an era in which the discovery of content is as important as its
delivery. The distribution systems of media are highly evolved and it’s
Brand owners
must crack the
code of persistent
presence in these
environments.
19 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
time for a creative renaissance that produces assets that are
discoverable, valuable, relevant and specific to the environment of
their intended consumption.
And finally
2016 won’t be a good year for the faint of heart. Despite the cyclical effect
of the Olympics, Euro 2016 and the U.S. presidential election there are
substantial headwinds. Persistent low economic growth, a dent in the
Chinese dream and slow realization of the potential of Latin America
and Africa all conspire to create a tense business environment. Today
businesses are extra-cautious and many fear the disruption of activist
investors who believe that management is failing to unlock sufficient
shareholder value. In response many commentators observe that budgets
are increasingly zero-based, new product development has slowed and
with it the cycle of slow growth is repeated. There appears to be more
rationalization of brand portfolios than product innovation.
The key issues we have identified for 2016 (and 2017) are, we believe,
united by this; a day, a month or a year of reckoning is upon us. We are at
the end of the beginning of digital marketing. We are not now, nor have
ever been, at anything like a “steady-state,” but we believe that a more
profound sense of responsibility and transparency between business
partners together with collective vigilance is an essential ingredient of
re-engaging consumers with brand communications.
Innovation in communications remains of extreme importance, but
perhaps some emphasis will shift from “do it because we can” to “do it
because we should” and, as a consequence, produce results that drive
profitable outcomes and contribute to a new wave of product development
and economic growth. n
2016 won’t be
a good year
for the faint
of heart.
20 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
A Short Walk
Through the Numbers
21 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
A SHORT WALK THROUGH THE NUMBERS
The media day
This year we asked our contributors to be more specific about whether “time online” was for online
users only, or averaged for the whole population. We have still not quite got to the bottom of this, but
it is clear we were over-reporting online in the past. There are in any case reporting oddities, such as
Italy and Germany recording only desktop time online, or China’s sample of 36 cities. We try to adjust
for these. Country-by-country figures showing our calculations are all in the electronic version.
Linear TV’s share of the media day seems to be declining one percentage point a year, but of course
some of this is retrieved online. A majority, perhaps: we will find out as measurement improves in the
coming years. Legacy print and radio continue to donate share to online too, though these too may
find a floor with digital variants.
The world’s media day weighted
by population
				
Agg avg. hours	 2013	 2014	 2015	 2016
Online	 2.17	 2.45	2.55	2.67
TV	 3.40	 3.36	3.33	3.28
Print	 0.60	 0.58	0.54	0.52
Radio	 1.50	 1.61	1.59	1.56
Total	 7.67	 8.00	8.00	8.02
				
Shares	 2013	 2014	2015	2016
Online	 28	 31	32	33
TV	 44	 42	42	41
Print	 8	 7	7	6
Radio	 20	 20	20	19
Total	 100	 100	100	100
				
Avg. minutes	 2013	 2014	 2015	 2016
Online	 130	 147	153	160
TV	 204	 202	200	197
Print	 36	 35	32	31
Radio	 90	 97	96	93
Total	 460	 480	480	481
The world’s media day weighted by
local media investment
Agg avg. hours	 2013	 2014	 2015	 2016
Online	 2.05	 2.43	2.58	2.72
TV	 3.81	 3.70	3.65	3.58
Print	 0.60	 0.56	0.52	0.50
Radio	 1.63	 1.66	1.65	1.62
Total	 8.09	 8.34	8.41	8.43
				
Shares	 2013	 2014	2015	2016
Online	 25	 29	31	32
TV	 47	 44	43	42
Print	 7	 7	6	6
Radio	 20	 20	20	19
Total	 100	 100	100	100
				
Avg. minutes	 2013	 2014	 2015	 2016
Online	 123	 146	155	163
TV	 229	 222	219	215
Print	 36	 34	31	30
Radio	 98	 100	99	97
Total	 485	 501	505	506
22 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
The UK again has easily the highest per-user e-commerce at USD 3,715 [Stg 2,666] expected in 2016,
followed by Denmark at USD 3,266 (DKr 22,153). The UK has however lost its claim to be the most-
digital ad economy. We think digital media will comprise 49% of total UK ad investment in 2016,
fractionally behind Denmark and China, with Sweden leading on 52%.
The World Bank tells us household final consumption was USD 43tn in 2014, or 66% of global GDP. If we
assume half this is retail, then total retail in 2016 should be in the order of 33% x US 72tn or USD 24tn.
E-commerce of USD 1.805tn in 2016 would represent 8% of this, roughly a point higher than 2015.
Programmatic and video
For present purposes “programmatic” means any online display investment which is transacted
automatically as opposed to being a manual “insertion order.” We asked our correspondents to
estimate what percentage of local digital display ad investment was automated. The result is a global
average in 2015 of 37% (2014 = 21%). Excluding the USA, this is 16% (10%). We also asked what
percentage online video comprised of local digital display. The global answer: 22% (20%), or 12%
(13%) ex USA. Individual values appear in each country entry. n
E-commerce
33 countries again supplied e-commerce totals in our survey this year. The dollarised total is
depressed about 5% from last year because of dollar appreciation, but still adds up to USD 1,574
billion for 2015 with a run-rate of growth of 15% to take us to a predicted USD 1,805 billion in 2016.
Growth is slowing. In 2014 it was 31%, and in 2015, 24%. The main reason for this is China, which
accounted for a third of the world’s online retail in 2014 rising to a forecast 38% in 2016 – but growth
is moderating from a plainly unsustainable 40% in 2015.
We predict the average online shop per user will be USD 777 in 2016. This is still growing faster than
the number of online users in our universe, which has slowed from 16% in 2014 to 10% in 2015 and
7% forecast in 2016.
	 2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	 2016	CAGR 2013-2016
World total USD bn	 306	358	426	750	970	 1,270	1,574	 1,805	 23%
Average spend per user USD	 356	363	371	490	571	644	727	 777	 11%
23 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Ad Fraud
24 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Ad fraud is theft of the advertisers’ money and reputation. No legitimate
advertiser would want any part in what is a serious and organized
global crime.
“Impression fraud” is ghost sites and malicious non-human traffic.
“Non-impression fraud” includes ad stacking, pixel-stuffing, low-quality
inventory (e.g., unsafe pages, poor viewability, ad clutter) and insertion-
order infringements (e.g., disregarding blacklists or geographical
limitation; or serving autoplay video ads when the advertiser specifies
user-initiated). This overlaps with brand safety.
In open societies, it is unrealistic to expect government or law enforcement
to stop ad fraud, much of which originates from a few rogue countries.
The solution therefore lies in the free market, self-regulation and sharing
best practices.
Attitude to fraud varies around the world. This might be because local
prevention technology is still evolving (e.g., India, Czech Republic),
or because it is regarded rightly or wrongly as less of a risk. In Brazil,
advertisers think of fraud as something agencies fix, if they think of it at
all. In South Korea, a famously advanced digital economy, independent
verification is still not universal. In Taiwan, local advertisers are reluctant
to pay third parties to validate publishers’ claims. Spreading best practices
is our priority. As GroupM Spain puts it: “The most powerful remedy is to
follow internal and international GroupM practice guidelines.”
The view from the front line
GroupM USA has been working with leading verification providers like
DoubleVerify and Integral Ad Science since 2010. These partners detect
both automated bot fraud and human-based “site-fraud” tactics. We
can deploy these tools programmatically to pre-filter suspect domains
or IP addresses, and we also use them to block server calls to fraudulent
domains post-bid or in reserve buys. Coupled with clear contractual
protections confirming that our clients didn’t pay for fraud, GroupM
ensures that our clients’ ads are seen by real human beings who are in our
target in an appropriate editorial environment.
The company you keep
GroupM Italy observes “Protection from non-human traffic is mainly a
planning issue.” Choosing trusted suppliers is the single most effective
measure. The UK adds, “Set yourself hard-to-fake outcomes; know what
realistic prices are; and investigate anomalies. If something is too good
to be true, it probably is.”
Wherever it operates, GroupM has preferred partners or “Trusted Market
Places.” The membership changes all the time and is kept under constant
scrutiny. Lithuania praises its local news portals for averaging only 0.6%
suspicious traffic. Australia remarks that “premium publishers may yield
Attitude to fraud
varies around
the world.
AD FRAUD
25 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
only one or two percent non-human, ad-fraud traffic. Much traffic from
ad exchanges is fraudulent. One 2015 case was 60% fraudulent, from
fake sites. We recovered all funds.” GroupM Latin America has a
standing preference for “above the fold” placements (i.e., in view on the
first page load).
Whitelisting: pre-emption is better than cure
It is especially important to practice safe selection when shopping for
impressions in open markets in which you know little or nothing about
the quality of the inventory. Russia: “In RTB buying we run fraud checks
by default for all campaigns.” These controls are mostly pre-bid or
post-reporting. Pre-bid cannot always detect fake impressions, but
advances in machine-learning improve certainty in discriminating real
from fake. This feeds back into DSPs to eliminate future purchases on
the fraudulent networks.
Japan: “Our data science team in conjunction with planners routinely
use adserving verification reports and client Google Analytics referrer/
Adobe session data to identify outlier traffic patterns from suspect
countries and IP addresses. We then actively extinguish inventory
from suspicious sources.” SAD stands for “suspicious activity detection.”
Methods include detecting poor viewability, bots, ad stacking and
pixel stuffing, but as Denmark points out, monitors do not reveal too
much of their methods to avoid informing the fraudsters.
Pre-bid cannot
always detect
fake impressions,
but advances in
machine-learning
improve certainty
in discriminating
real from fake.
26 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
In some
countries it
is common
for contracts
to specify no
payment for
non-compliant
impressions and
heavy penalties
for brand safety
violations.
Verification tools
Sizmek ranked top in our informal name-recognition survey in last
year’s Interaction. Other often-cited names include DoubleVerify,
Integral Ad Science, comScore, Moat and trusted DSPs of which the
largest is Google’s DoubleClick. China has RTBAsia, a local provider that
has become global. One weakness in today’s technology is that different
methods produce different results. South Africa remarks that it is possible
to mitigate this by using multiple systems in conjunction.
Sweden: “These systems are not 100% but do spot the majority of
fraud.” Brazil: “Today, with the massive use of display networks and
programmatic buying, we have greater confidence in the process made
by these vendors to choose which sites will be part of their networks.”
Contracts shape behavior
In some countries it is common for contracts to specify no payment
for non-compliant impressions and heavy penalties for brand safety
violations. We have even heard of an employment contract which provides
for dismissal if a violation limit is exceeded. One also finds arrangements
to compensate clients with make-good inventory for non-human traffic.
Publishers may offer reputable controls, but your contract should allow
you to use any third-party verification you wish. New Zealand: “We
retain the right to audit ad server logs, sites and network logs to identify
suspicious behavior.” n
27 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Online Brands
Advertising On TV
28 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Do online brands spend a lot on TV
advertising?
UK TV trade body Thinkbox uses Nielsen data to compile a non-standard
‘“Online” ad category comprising all the big American tech names,
comparison sites and other B2C online services. This represented 7% of all
UK TV ad investment in 2015, making it the No. 2 ad category behind Food
at No. 1. This was a repeat of 2014, except the Online category grew 14%
in 2015 while total TV grew 7%. TV accounts for 60% of the big names’ ad
budgets, well above TV’s normal 40% share of UK display investment.
22 countries in this report say online brands are big on TV, and another
four describe this as a rising trend.
The main reasons given for upweighting TV are the ones you would expect:
good reach, good awareness and a reasonable price – ideal for product
launches and market penetration. Mainstream TV does however have
high entry costs, which is one reason smaller online brands often confine
themselves to digital options. This fixed-cost/benefit problem may also
explain why online brands are less common on TV in small, rich countries
like Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Malaysia quoted the highest TV share of online category investment at
85%, which is especially remarkable given print is still the dominant
medium there. More in line with the U.K. figure are Spain at 70% and
The Netherlands at 48%. TV’s ‘“natural” share of global ad budgets is
41%. Japan and China are examples of highly digitized economies in
which online brands upweight TV. Japan cites the attractiveness of TV’s
naturally older profile (reflecting its aging society) and China values its
mass coverage. A Chinese online used-car dealer, Youxin, paid RMB30m
(USD4.6m) for a single spot in the popular variety show “Voice of China.”
In Germany, some online brands are negotiating joint-venture and equity
deals in exchange for airtime.
Our network picked out e-commerce as the most competitive online
subcategory on TV, with travel, finance and fashion also mentioned. n
22 countries in
this report say
online brands
are big on TV,
and another
four describe
this as a rising
trend.
ONLINE BRANDS ADVERTISING ON TV
29 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Traditional TV Brand
Advertising Online
30 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Turkey, Japan
and India
specifically
mentioned the
lack of a “gold
standard” as
holding back
advertising
on video.
Do traditional TV advertisers spend a
lot on digital video?
Most “TV” ad campaigns are actually “audio-visual” campaigns these days.
Advertisers augment TV with digital video mainly to compensate for TV’s
falling reach of younger viewers. Sometimes there is a price advantage.
Some mainstream broadcasters incentivize advertisers to use their online
channels. Entry cost to video might be lower than for mainstream TV.
The main constraint is the generally poor measurement of audiences away
from the main TV screen. If advertisers knew more they would probably
spend more: without all the facts, it is impossible to reckon either cost-
per-impression or incremental value as accurately as one can on broadcast
TV. Ad tech has spotted this gap in the market and devised useful
synthetic measures based on inference, samples and modelling, but none
is a “gold standard” for trading.
Turkey, Japan and India specifically mentioned the lack of a “gold standard”
as holding back advertising on video. The USA has made the most progress
toward deduplicated multiscreen measurement, but cannot yet predict with
certainty when a single trading currency will emerge. Similar initiatives are
underway in Europe, Latin America and Asia.
Advertiser investment in video is rising despite the lack of measurement.
Canada is typical, reporting video budgets having grown 30% over three
years to reach 12% of the total A/V investment. At the very high end we find
FMCG and pharmaceutical advertisers in Italy devoting nearly half their A/V
investment to video, and media  entertainment clients typically 35% or
more. Denmark has instances of 33%. Chile reports 20% as typical.
Most countries report video allocation around 10% of the A/V
appropriation, ranging 5%-20% according to the individual advertiser
and the job in hand. Some advertisers are naturally more committed to
digital, and others more conservative. Considerations include the body
of established proof relating to TV; the solitary nature of the digital
audience versus collective viewing to TV; screen size; and the digital risks
of ‘value, viewability and verification.’ And of course the allocation will
also be affected by the state of supply. Audience to premium video is often
limited, sold out and unpredictable. n
TRADITIONAL TV BRAND ADVERTISING
ONLINE
31 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Adblocking
32 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
How serious is adblocking
in your market?
Our network reported the figures below in February 2016. As GroupM
Australia says, “There is definitely a lack of hard facts around the impact
of adblocking. It remains an area we continue to investigate and monitor.”
The numbers below mix estimates, sources and definitions and are intended
only to give an idea of the problem.
	 USERS WITH
	ADBLOCKING
	 INSTALLED %
Turkey	3
Latvia	15
Spain	15
Canada	16
Denmark	17
Brazil (midpoint estimate)	 20
Greece	20
Hungary	20
Netherlands	20
UK	20
Argentina	23
Czech Republic (midpoint estimate)	 25
Germany	25
USA (midpoint estimate)	 25
Chile	26
Italy (any device)	 27
France (desktop)	 30
Poland	30
Austria (any device)	 32
Average of above	 22
The industry
distinguishes
between “global”
and “local” in
publishing and
ad serving and
verification.
ADBLOCKING
33 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
	 USERS WITH 		
	ADBLOCKING
	 INSTALLED %
Lithuania all	 18
Lithuania under-35	 30
	
Australia 16 to 24 mobile	 41
Australia 25 to 34 mobile	 42
Australia 35 to 44 mobile	 34
Australia 45 to 54 mobile	 25
Australia 55 to 64 mobile	 20
Australia female mobile	 33
Australia male mobile	 40
	
France 16-24 desktop 	 53
France 25-34 desktop	 39
	
UK all using (November 2015)	 18
UK men using	 23
UK women using	 13
UK 18-24 using	 35
UK 25-34 using	 20
UK 35-44 using	 16
UK 45-54 using	 16
UK 55+ using	 13
UK PC using	 47
UK laptop using	 71
UK tablet using	 19
UK smartphone using	 23
	
Norway desktop	 23
Norway mobile	 9
Norway tablet	 8
As GroupM
Australia
says, “There
is definitely a
lack of hard
facts around
the impact of
adblocking.”
More detailed information from a few countries suggests young men are
the keenest blockers.
34 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
	 ESTIMATED LOSS
	 OF INVENTORY %
China mobile (midpoint estimate)	4
Australia	8
China PC (midpoint estimate)	 11
India (midpoint estimate)	 13
Russia	25
France	 30
The UK IAB
study found
61% of users
would prefer
to have free
content with
ads than
having to pay.
Estimates of inventory lost to adblocking are scarce, but rates seem lower
than adblocker penetration.
Adblocking is less common in Asia, though this may just be a matter of time:
South Korea reports the recent arrival of blocking technology with Western-
style consequences. Japan explains that the big blockers have not yet
climbed over the language barrier. China points to lower awareness about
blockers, and suggests they are less effective because most ads are served by
publishers rather than third parties. Singapore reports little impact so far
but remains alert. Taiwan also mentions low awareness. Indonesia remarks
that its internet traffic is 70% mobile, so structurally less vulnerable. Hong
Kong’s advertisers take the positive view that adblocking is about improving
the user experience and are ready to switch to video and native if necessary.
GroupM Italy surveyed 2,000 users in early 2016 and found 55% knew about
adblocking, 27% had installed it, and 25% intended to install it soon. Contrary
to signals elsewhere, it found 35-44s the heaviest installers, and women of 25
the most likely to install. The reasons for blocking were, in order, excessive
intrusion; slow loading; and privacy. These are typical. The UK IAB found
users would be most likely to block less “if the ads don’t interfere with what
I’m doing.” GroupM Italy’s most interesting finding was that many users were
not actually against advertising, but wanted ads to be more “coherent with the
key characteristics of the web: a simple user experience, customized contents
and low cluttering.” The UK IAB study found 61% of users would prefer to
have free content with ads than having to pay. There would seem to be the
makings of a compromise in there somewhere.
The USA has taken the initiative in the form of two IAB programs. LEAN
ads (light, encrypted, ad choices supported, non-invasive) are voluntary
standards for responsible ad formats and data collection that do not eat
mobile data plans and do not cause “page latency” and other nuisances. The
other is a publisher program called DNCC (detect, notify, choice constrain).
This so-called “user choice” engine is code enabling publishers to detect ad
blockers, deliver a message to those users about the free internet, give them
the choice to turn off the blocker in exchange for free content, sometimes in
an “ad-lite” format or deny content if they don’t comply. n
35 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
The Young
TV Audience
36 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Australia The average 16-34 audience shrank 13% in 2015.
Belgium
2013-2015
16-34 viewing fell 10 minutes a day, and reach fell
two percentage points (a fall of 4%). Viewing to
other screens has gained one to two share points.
Brazil
2010-2015
Young adult viewing has fallen 16%, but 60% are
heavy video users.
Canada
2013-2015
16-34 ratings shrunk 7% in total, and average
weekly hours are 11% down.
Chile Since 2011 20-34s free-to-air viewing hours are
down 18%, but pay-TV hours are up 44%.
Finland Recent fall in double digits
Hong Kong
2013-2015
The average prime-time 16-34 rating fell from 15.3
to 12.6 and claimed daily reach fell from 93% to
89%. From 2013 to 2014 the percentage of 16-34s
claiming to watch TV on a mobile device rose from
17% to 26%.
Hungary
2011-2015
16-34 TV reach dropped 5% and average daily
hours by 15 minutes, but reach and hours are still
substantial. Internet usage rose 10%.
Ireland Down 7% in a year
Italy 15-34s shrank 7% in 2015, continuing in 2016, and
affecting reach—though good weather reduced
viewing generally. Viewing to other screens is not
measured.
A few countries report their young adult TV audience is stable, but with volume
and reach dispersed over more and smaller channels. This is the best one can
hope for. GroupM offices in the countries below put the loss in numbers.
THE YOUNG TV AUDIENCE
37 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Japan Between 2010 and 2015, according to NHK, the
numbers of viewers in their 20s claiming never to
watch TV rose from 8% to 16% and those in their
30s from 8% to 13%. Those in their 20s claiming
“less than one hour a day” rose from 40% to 56%
and those claiming to “prefer digital to terrestrial TV”
rose from 49% to 56%.
Latvia The 16-34 audience declined about 7%
in 2015.
Lithuania 16-34 TV hours are about half the average, and
12% do not watch TV at all.
Malaysia
2014-2015
15-34s using other media including digital rose
from 78% to 92%. Free-to-air viewership has fallen
in recent years, but pay-TV is stable.
Netherlands Hours fell 18% in 2015
Norway
2010-2015
Average daily minutes fell from 162 to
112 (31%).
Russia 16-34 reach is in slow steady decline amounting
to several points over recent years.
Spain
2011-2015
The total typical TV audience 1% smaller, and
the 16-34 part 22% smaller. Average 16-34 hours
down 9%. These falls are for free and pay-TV.
Sweden 19-29s average 100 min/day online video of which
YouTube ~40, Netflix ~20 and catch-ups ~25.
UK
2011-2015
All-adult ad impressions (free and pay) are
unchanged, but 16-34s are down 11%.
USA The 18-49 prime-time cable and broadcast
audience shrank 11% in Q1 2015 vs. the prior-year
period. The loss rate decelerated across the year
and in Q1 2016 stood at -8% in broadcast and
-3% in cable.
38 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
This year we will see if these loss rates continue, or stabilize owing to
saturation of choice. Evidence from the UK suggests the generation to
follow will however wreak more disruption. Over half the TV viewing of
UK 12-18s is now non-linear. Analyst Decipher makes these observations
of 20 “Millennials” (here meaning 12-18s), which offer hope for TV
advertising if we can keep up with the audience:
• The big screen in the living room is still the dominant device for
millennials, despite them rarely having control in this environment;
• Millennials are as engaged as ever with content, personalities and
stories. Their definition of what constitutes “TV” is extremely broad;
• Young people are showing a growing loyalty to program
brands, which they want to consume whenever, wherever and
on whichever device;
• Millennials’ willingness to move between devices and services is
unprecedented, as is their openness to experimenting with new
video formats and services;
• Millennials’ TV and video viewing continues to be an important part
of their social interaction with friends and family.
Source: www.itvmedia.co.uk/news/television-and-12-18s-millennials-speak
Over half the
TV viewing of
UK 12-18s is
now non-linear.
39 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Viewability
40 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
In December 2014 the US IAB encouraged marketers to aim for 70%
viewability in 2015, meaning 70% of ads served would meet Media
Research Council (MRC) criteria for viewable impressions. This is a
demanding target.
The MRC published its viewability criteria in June 2014, running to 14 pages
of extensive detail. In the simplest terms, they specify at least 50% of an ad’s
pixels must be in view for at least one continuous second and two seconds
for video ads. Pending specific mobile standards (expected 2016) the MRC
suggests applying the same standards to ads in mobile browsers. It notes
that ads served in apps “are currently generally assumed to be viewable.”
Most countries use this baseline. An international benchmark is practical:
The MRC is therefore the de facto global standard. American leadership
and clarity is therefore highly desirable, although advertisers, publishers
and agencies are of course free to negotiate different terms in private.
Brazil makes the important point that its local IAB advises, not compels.
It is all very well for experienced buyers and sellers to make their own
arrangements, but we support the adoption of rules and conventions for
everyone, and seek industry-wide consensus to shape these. For example,
GroupM in India is currently working to make 100% pixels the norm.
Quality and quantity
Standards should not limit expectations. GroupM in Germany remarks
that quality is an important differentiator of agency service. We compete
by aiming for the maximum achievable, both pixels-per-impression and
impressions-per-campaign, and not settling for the minimum. To do this
we find ways to relax the constraints on what publishers can deliver, and
what technology can verify, and what auditors can see. GroupM has the
scale to test all global and local verification.
For example,
GroupM
in India is
currently
working to
make 100%
pixels
the norm.
VIEWABILITY
41 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Awareness of
and tolerance
for viewability
problems varies
from country to
country.
The world is not flat
Awareness of and tolerance for viewability problems varies from country to
country. We find the same with ad fraud. U.S. and European multinational
advertisers expect and therefore promulgate consistency. It is local
advertisers where the differences show up. Latin America has generally not
acknowledged the North American standards: GroupM Argentina describes
viewability more as something to be negotiated than as a quality control.
There is similar disinterest in viewability in South Korea and Taiwan. Local
advertisers in Japan took notice only in November after Google said it would
charge only for viewable impressions.
GroupM Japan acted early, setting an internal standard that 65% of
impressions be satisfactorily viewable. It achieves 70% with Xaxis video,
which is now its general target for all automated buys. GroupM Hong Kong
likes ads to load “above the fold,” so the audience can see it without scrolling.
The market in Lithuania recognizes the MRC criteria, but for local portals
GroupM mostly applies what it calls “inscreen buying,” which pays only if
the whole ad is showing. GroupM USA similarly, and for video it requires
evidence of a human audience that initiated the ad to play, with audio.
WYSIWYG
GroupM Denmark typically achieves 45% campaign viewability on mobile
video; 70% on static desktop; and 80% on desktop video. In mid-2014 it
found the industry average for all display was around 40% and set itself a
target of 70%, which it achieved in a few months and has since sustained.
For video, it is normal to see a “completion rate” specified, meaning
watched all the way to the end. GroupM USA works to 50%; Finland
expects at least 75%. Sometimes you might agree some form of pro-rata
pricing for “viewing persistence.” GroupM Turkey mentioned it sometimes
requires two seconds’ dwelltime for static ads.
To beat the average for viewability means being fussy about the suppliers
you deal with. Ask your agency how viewability scores compare between,
say, Google, Facebook, Microsoft and Xaxis. One question will always lead
to another!
Put it in writing
GroupM guidance is to contract only for viewable impressions, and
preferably only for those with 100% of pixels in view for the desired
duration. Measurement discrepancies between sources are inevitable, so
the small print should provide for reasonable tolerances. It’s not all about
money: all data are a potential source of insight.
Famous names
The industry distinguishes between “global” and “local” in publishing
and ad serving and verification. Global server/verifier names our
correspondents mentioned were AppNexus, Integral Ad Science, Adform,
Sizmek, Rubicon, Improve Digital, Moat, Weborama and DoubleClick. n
42 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Smartphone penetration %	 21	25	31	35
Tablet penetration %	 10	13	15	18
				
E-commerce in ARS bn (excluding travel)	 18.2	30.1	45.1	51.1
E-commerce per adult internet user ARS	 728	 1,111	 1,555	 1,715
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)				
Online (15+, ex mobile)	 0.65	 0.62	 0.70	 0.64
TV (18+)	 3.40	3.20	3.15	3.60
Print (18+)	 	 0.62	 0.60	 0.60
Radio (18+)	 5.70	5.30	5.30	5.90
Total	 9.75	9.74	 9.75	10.74
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 7	6	7	6
TV	 35	33	32	34
Print	 0	6	6	6
Radio	 58	54	54	55
Total	 100	100	100	100
Argentina
Historic sources: Emarketer,
Euromonitor, comScore, TGI
68%
2016e
INTERNET USERS %
112
2016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
20-30%
2015e AUTOMATED %
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
*ex mobile
Top websites	 UNIQUE 000s	 AV MINUTES	
	 (DEC 2015)*	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google search	 15,243	 29	
Facebook	 15,102	426	
YouTube	 12,436	338
Outlook.com	 9,315	115
Clarin.com	 7,586	49
Top apps	 USERS 000s	 AV MINUTES	
	 (DEC 2015)	 PER MONTH
Dropbox App	 1,271	 9	
Spotify App	 1,022	 7	
WhatsApp	 772	3
Stream App	 504	11
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES	 DAILY MINUTES PER
	000s	 SUBSCRIBER HH
Netflix	 417	 32
Cablevisión on Demand	 88	 N/A
DirecTV On Demand	 79	 N/A	
	
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS	 MONTHLY UNIQUE
	000s	VISITORS
Spotify	1,552
SoundCloud	 595
Mimp3.me	 174
Last.fm	 148
Goear.com	126
43 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Smartphone penetration % of online population	 62	 75	 76	 76
Tablet penetration % of online population	 24	 46	 49	 48		
		
Online retail in AUD bn	 15.2	16.6	23.4	30.0
E-commerce per adult internet user
AUD (2016 = 16-64)	 936	 1,024	 1,418	 2,141
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online	 2.42	2.56	2.57	2.60
TV	 2.68	2.68	2.64	2.60
Print	 0.51	0.48	0.45	0.40
Radio	 1.73	1.82	1.87	1.90
Total	 7.34	7.54	7.53	7.50
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 33	34	34	35
TV	 37	36	35	35
Print	 7	6	6	5
Radio	 24	24	25	25
Total	 100	100	100	100
Australia
Historic sources: Roy Morgan Asteroid;
Nielsen; eMarketer; TNS; Quickflix;
FetchTV; Akamai
91%2016e 16-64 INTERNET
USERS %
1,5302016e E-COMMERCE PER
16-64 INTERNET USER USD
20%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
73%2015e AUTOMATED % OF
ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUES 000s*	 AV MINUTES	
	 (Dec 2015)	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google	 14,985	134
MSN/Outlook/Bing	10,843	 132
Facebook	 10,175	332
YouTube	 8,409	176
eBay	 6,916	97
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
Facebook	 18	12
YouTube	 14	10
Instagram	 6	4
Google+	 5	3
Twitter	 5	3
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED	 DAILY MINUTES
	 HOMES 000s	 PER SUBSCRIBER HH
	 	
Netflix	 1,035,000	 n/a
Stan (NEC/Fairfax)	 300,000	 n/a
FetchTV	 140,000	n/a
Quickflix	 60,000	 n/a
Presto	 n/a	n/a
Streaming audio	ESTIMATED	
	 USERS 000s**
	
Apple Music	 8,010
Shazam	1,569
Google Play	 1,067
Spotify	1,548
Pandora	874	
* ex mobile ** Nielsen Smartphone and Tablet inc Apps (Dec 2015)
44 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Smartphone penetration %	 44	59	63	65
Tablet penetration %	 27	37	40	41		
		
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online	 0.90	0.97	3.14	3.29
TV 	 2.30	2.42	3.14	3.14
Print 	 0.60	0.51	0.82	0.79
Radio 	 3.00	3.18	3.39	3.39
Total	 6.80	 7.08	 10.48	10.61
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online (average for whole 14+ population)	 13	 14	 30	 31
TV	 34	34	30	30
Print	 9	7	8	7
Radio	 44	45	32	32
Total	 100	100	100	100
Austria
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUES 000s*	
	 	
willhaben.at 	 2,567
derstandard.at 	 1,803
gmx.at 	 1,568
krone.at 	 1,539
herold.at 	1,387
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 00s
	
Netflix (last 4 weeks)	 345
YouTube (last 4 weeks)	 4,247
My Video (last 4 weeks)	 27
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s	
All apps together	3,693
WhatsApp Messenger	 1,800
Facebook Messenger	 1,400
Facebook	1,100
Snapchat	600
Streaming Audio	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Spotify (last 4 weeks)	 329		
Historic sources: Media Analyse,
Media Server; ÖWA; AIM; Appanie
83%
2016e 14+
INTERNET USERS %
25%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
*ex mobile. Unique sites (not network aggregates)
SNAPSHOT
45 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
92%
2016e 12+ INTERNET
USERS %
23%
2015e AUTOMATED % AD
INVESTMENT OF ONLINE
DISPLAY
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Smartphone penetration % of all 12+	 41	 43	 58	 64
Tablet penetration % of all 12+	 16	 30	 39	 44	
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online				
TV	 4.30	4.28	4.37	4.35
Print				
Radio	 4.32	4.25	3.96	4.00
Total	 8.62	8.53	8.33	8.35
Historic sources: CIM TV/Radio/
Digital; CIM/GfK
Belgium
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUE 000S	 AV MINUTES PER MONTH
	 	
Het Laatste Nieuws	 2,635	 119
Nieuwsblad	2,265	 101
Yellow Pages	 2,224	 6
2dehands / 2demain	 1,984	 83
Knack Le Vif	 1,882	 30
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
Stievie	n/a
Yellow TV	 380
Netflix	 50 to 70
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Spotify accounts	 420
46 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Smartphone penetration % of phone users	 27	34	38	43
Tablet penetration % of whole population	 3	13	17	20		
		
E-commerce in BRL bn (excluding travel)	 30 	39	41	46
E-commerce per adult internet user BRL	 322	 381	 361	 384
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (per online user)	 3.00	 3.40	 3.49	 3.75
Online (average for all 15+)	 1.83	 2.25	 2.53	 2.83	
TV 	 4.70	4.60	4.45	4.35
Print 	 1.00	1.00	1.01	1.00
Radio 	 2.50	2.50	2.48	2.45
Total	 10.03	10.35	10.47	10.63
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 18	22	24	27
TV	 47	44	42	41
Print	 10	10	10	 9
Radio	 25	24	24	23
Total	 100	100	100	100
Brazil
SNAPSHOT
Historic sources: TGI Ibope;
comScore; ABComm; PwC; Anatel;
eMarketer; Euromonitor
3%
2015e AUTOMATED %
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
75%
2016e 15+ INTERNET
USERS %
96
2016e E-COMMERCE
PER ADULT INTERNET
USER USD
Top websites	 UNIQUES	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google Sites	 89,968	 1,103
Facebook	81,101	 1,817
R7 Portal	 70,625	 35
Globo	 65,581	102
UOL	 64,120	64
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
WhatsApp	45,663
Facebook	38,789
YouTube	29,460
Instagram	18,167
Twitter	6,874
OTT SVOD
		
Not reported. Netflix said to have ca. 4 million homes
47 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
58%
2015e AUTOMATED %
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
82%
2016e ADULT
INTERNET USERS %
1,046
2016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Smartphone penetration % of whole 18+ population	35	55	61	62
Tablet penetration % of whole 18+ population	 33	38	42	45		
		
E-commerce in CAD bn (excluding travel)	 22	25	30	34
E-commerce per adult internet user CAD	 987	 1,153	 1,283	 1,443
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (average for all 18+)	 3.22	 3.49	 4.12	 4.73
TV 	 3.32	3.27	3.24	3.21
Print 	 0.32	0.30	0.27	0.25
Radio 	 1.43	1.42	1.40	1.39
Total	 8.29	8.48	9.03	9.58
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 39	41	46	49
TV	 40	39	36	34
Print	 4	4	3	3
Radio	 17	17	16	15
Total	 100	100	100	100
Canada
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUES	 AV MINUTES	
	000s*	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google.ca	 23,140	1,955
Google.com	 20,909	2,543
Facebook.com	 x19,055	 7,935
YouTube.com	 17,053	5,090
Live.com	 14,208	2,354
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s**	 PER MONTH
Facebook	 14,411	13,242
Facebook Messenger	 12,874	 4,058
YouTube	 11,483	5,681
Google Search	 8,068	 2,479
Google Play	 7,462	 272
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES	 WEEKLY MINUTES
	000s	 PER SUBSCRIBER
	 	
Netflix	 4,000	 60
Crave TV/Shomi	 1 million combined***	 50 combined 	 	
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS	 MONTHLY UNIQUE
	000s	VISITORS
Spotify	 6,700	3,398
Google Play
(formerly Songza)	 6,000	 1,212
SoundCloud*	n/a	3,175
RDIO*	 n/a	238
JANGO*	 n/a	182
Historic sources: comScore; Numeris
INfoSys TV; PMB; NADbank; eMarketer
* desktop only annual average **mobile annual average ***individual subscriber numbers unavailable
48 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: comScore; TGI;
Camara de Comercio; Ibope; Ipsos;
Digital TV Research Ltd
Chile
SNAPSHOT
58%
2016e ADULT INTERNET
USERS %
335
2016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
Smartphone penetration % (of whole population)		 64	 76	 80
Tablet penetration % (of whole population)		 16	 19	 22		
		
E-commerce in USD bn (excluding travel)	 1.6	2.0	2.3	2.6
E-commerce per adult internet user USD		 303	 319	 335
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (per 18+ user)		 1.05	 0.95	 0.92
				
Online (average for whole population)		 0.53	 0.52	 0.54
TV (18+)	 3.98	3.92	3.83	3.73
Print	 	 0.40	0.37	0.33
RADIO		 4.00	3.83	3.67
Total		 8.85	8.55	8.27
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online		6	6	6
TV		 44	45	45
Print		5	4	4
Radio		45	45	44
Total	 100	100	100	100
Top websites	 UNIQUES	 AV DAILY	
	000s	MINUTES
	 	
Google.cl	6,163	 3
Facebook.com	4,988	 17
Google.com	4,311	 8
YouTube.com	4,162	 24
Live.com	3,834	 8
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Whatsapp Messenger	 n/a
Messenger	n/a
Facebook	n/a
YouTube	n/a
Instagram	n/a
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
Netflix	 390
Bazuca	n/a
Google Play	 n/a
Apple TV	 n/a
iTunes Movies	 n/a
49 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
52%
2016e 20+ INTERNET
USERS %
1,251
2016e ONLINE SHOPPING
PER 20+ INTERNET USER
USD
9%
2015e VIDEO AD
INVESTMENT OF ONLINE
DISPLAY
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: China National
Resident Survey; CNNIC; iResearch
China Online Shopping reports; MIT;
iResearch 2015 media hours are
January-June only
China
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration % of phone users	 33	 45	 60	 70
Tablet penetration % of whole population	 13	 17	 16	 18		
	
E-commerce in CNY billion (including B2B,	 10,116	13,100	15,900	18,500
travel, O2O, excluding group buying)
(online shopping only)	 1,892	 2,785	 3,900	 4,500
(online shopping via PCs)	 1,618	 1,844	 1,900	 1,500
(online shopping via mobile devices)	 274	 941	 2,000	 3,000
				
(online shopping only) per adult internet user CNY	 4,130	 5,686	 7,459	 8,182
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)
Ages 15-69 36 cities	
Online (per online user)	 3.26	 3.58	 3.37	 3.42
TV (per viewer)	 2.70	 2.61	 2.61	 2.55
Print (per reader)	 0.64	 0.61	 0.56	 0.53
Radio (per listener)	 0.81	1.11	1.04	0.92
Total	 7.41	7.91	7.57	7.42
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 44	45	44	46
TV	 36	33	34	34
Print	 9	8	7	7
Radio	 11	14	14	12
Total	 100	100	100	100
Top websites	 UNIQUE	 AV MINUTES	
	000s*	 PER MONTH
	 	
qq.com [腾讯]	 458,426	123
baidu.com [百度]	469,445	 103
360.cn [360安全中心]	311,046	 27
haosou.com [好搜]	340,344	 24
taobao.com [淘宝网]	324,606	 112
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s**	 PER MONTH
WeChat [微信]	 543,039	492
QQ	 500,987	471
iQIYI [爱奇艺]	 273,024	517
Mobile Taobao [手机淘宝]	235,103	 119
Sogou Input [搜狗手机输入法]	 214,216	 n/a (input apps
		 run in parallel)
50 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: MML-TGI;
NetMonitor;Mediaresearch; APEK
Czech Republic
77%
2016e ADULT INTERNET
USERS %
3452016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
12%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
5%2015e AUTOMATED % OF
ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration % of phone users	 11	33	45	50
Tablet penetration % of phone users	 2	13	18	22		
		
E-commerce in EUR bn (excluding travel) 	 1.6	 1.9	 2.1	 2.2
E-commerce per adult internet user EUR	 240	 274	 301	 314
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (per 15+ user)	 1.86	 2.40	 2.70	 2.80
Online (average for whole population)	 1.37	 1.84	 2.08	 2.17
TV	 3.58	3.68	3.70	3.50
Print	 0.31	0.20	0.20	0.18
Radio	 2.17	2.28	2.40	2.25
Total	 7.43	8.00	8.38	8.10
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 18	23	25	27
TV	 48	46	44	43
Print	 4	2	2	2
Radio	 29	28	29	28
Total	 100	100	100	100
Top websites	 UNIQUES	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
seznam.cz	5,749	 814	
novinky.cz	4,063	 124	
idnes.cz	3,690	 107	
super.cz	3,217	 59	
heureka.cz	2,810	 34
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
O2 TV	 200
Netflix	 n/a	
UPC Horizon Go	 n/a
51 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
97%
2015e ADULT INTERNET
USERS %
3,266
2016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: Danskernes mdievaner;
Danish Chamber of Commerce; Gemius;
eMarketer; Bloomberg
Denmark
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration %	 60	 73	 81	 83
Tablet penetration %	 41	 58	 69	 73		
		
E-commerce in DKr bn excluding travel	 58.7	69.7	87.8	95.5
E-commerce per adult internet user DKr	 14,379	 16,607	 20,845	 22,153
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online	 1.57	1.62	1.70	1.81
TV	 2.26	2.21	2.19	2.18
Print	 0.52	0.46	0.45	0.43
Radio	 1.35	1.33	1.32	1.31
Total	 5.70	5.62	5.66	5.73
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 28	29	30	32
TV	 40	39	39	38
Print	 9	8	8	8
Radio	 24	24	23	23
Total	 100	100	100	100
Top websites	 UNIQUES	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
dr.dk	 1,850	 n/a
tv2.dk	 1,500	 n/a
ekstrabladet.dk	 1,300	 n/a
bt.dk	 1,000	 n/a
krak.dk	 1,350	 n/a
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
TV 2 Nyhedscenter	 n/a	 33,400,807
TV TID	 n/a	 40,997,940
DBA	 n/a	49,596,562
TV 2 Vejrcenter	 n/a	 1,962,961
Bilbasen	 n/a	11,074,348
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED	 DAILY MINUTES
	 HOMES 000s	 PER SUBSCRIBER HH
	 	
Netflix	 494	 15
Viaplay	 156	14
Tv2 Play	 130	 13
YouBio	 78	12
Tv3 Play	 78	 11 	 	
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS	
	000s	
Spotify	 400 	
Tidal	 150 	
TDC Play	 50 	
Deezer	 25 	
Napster	20
52 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Finland
Smartphone penetration % of whole population	 56	 66	 70	 75
Tablet penetration % of whole population	 21	 40	 46	 52		
		
E-commerce in EUR bn (excluding travel) 	 7.6	 6.7	 7.5	 8.0
E-commerce per adult internet user EUR	 2,342	 1,926	 2,113	 2,228
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (per online user)	 2.30	 2.45	 2.60	 2.86
Online (average for all 18+)	 1.72	 1.95	 2.10	 2.32
TV	 2.57	2.53	2.45	2.36
Print	 0.95	0.83	0.80	0.78
Radio	 1.72	1.60	1.55	1.52
Total	 6.96	6.91	6.90	6.98
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 25	28	30	33
TV	 37	37	36	34
Print	 14	12	12	11
Radio	 25	23	22	22
Total	 100	100	100	100
Historic sources: TNS Atlas;
comScore
82%2016e ADULT INTERNET
USERS %
2,4752016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
10%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ALL ONLINE
15%2015e AUTOMATED AD
INVESTMENT OF ALL ONLINE
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUES	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
MSN	 2,157	139
Facebook	2,147	 528
Ilta-Sanomat	1,848	 136
Iltalehti	 1,837	140
YouTube	1,826	 538
Top apps
Facebook		
YouTube		
Google Maps		
WhatsApp		
Gmail
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
Netflix	 668
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Spotify	600
53 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Top websites*	 UNIQUES	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google	 39,353	2.27	
Facebook	25,011	 4.90	
YouTube	22,589	 2.52	
Amazon	21,118	 0.58	
Orange	18,451	2.40	
Top apps**	 ESTIMATED USERS
	000s	
	
Samsung Apps	 13,262		
Game center	 9,052		
Deezer	 3,886		
Waze	 3,698		
Orange	3,520	
	
OTT SVOD***	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s	
	
Netflix	 2,192		
CanalPlay	 2,154		
iTunes	 2,154		
myTF1vod	 1,928		
Google Play	 1,663	 	
	 		
Streaming audio*	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s	
	
Deezer	 3,339		
Dailymotion Music	 1,507		
NRJ	 1,144		
La coccinnelle du Net	 723		
SoundCloud	 605		
2013 2014 2015 2016e
France
Historic sources: Médiamétrie, 126 000,
NetRatings, Media In Life (GroupM); IP;
Les Echos; ARCEP; SRI UDECAM
78%2016e 12+ INTERNET
USERS %
1,7582016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
30%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
40%2015e AUTOMATED AD
INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration % of whole population	 53	 56	 58	 62
Tablet penetration % of whole population	 19	 36	 38	 45		
		
E-commerce in EUR bn (including travel)	 50.0	57.0	65.0	70.0
E-commerce per 12+ internet user EUR	 1,182	 1,317	 1,479	 1,582
E-commerce excluding travel is not available
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online	 1.48	1.61	1.77	1.88
TV	 4.03	3.85	3.88	3.92
Print	 0.80	0.78	0.75	0.72
Radio	 2.47	2.38	2.37	2.40
Total	 8.78	8.62	8.77	8.92
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 17	19	20	21
TV	 46	45	44	44
Print	 9	9	9	8
Radio	 28	28	27	27
Total	 100	100	100	100
*MNR/Mediametrie/Desktop	**MNR/ Mediametrie/Mobile	*** GroupM Panel/November 2015
54 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
Top websites*	UNIQUES
	000s
	 	
T-Online	31,360
gutefrage.net	21,470
eBay.de	21,300
FOCUS Online	 19,450
Web.de	19,370
Bild	19,120
Top apps**	 ESTIMATED USERS
	000s
Web.de	3,560
Wetter.de	3,450
GMX	2,860
Mobile.de	2,800
TV Spielfilm	 2,540
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
Amazon Prime	 9,083
Maxdome	 5,109
Netflix	 3,690
Watchever	1,987
Snap by Sky	 1,703 	
	
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Spotify	12,600
Google Play Music	 3,600
Deezer	2,800
Napster	2,200
Simfy	1,600
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: ZDF/ARD; Statista.
de; AGOF; Goldmedia; Bitkom
* AGOF October 2015 **AGOF
Germany
84%
2016e 10+ INTERNET
USERS %
8362016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
25%2014e VIDEO AD
INVESTMENT OF ONLINE
DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration %	 41	 50	 55	 61
Tablet penetration %	 25	 33	 38	 43		
		
E-commerce in EUR bn (excluding travel)	 33.1	 37.1	 41.7	 42.5
E-commerce per10+ internet user EUR	 637	 667	 743	 752
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (desktop only, whole population)	 1.91	 1.80	 1.78	 1.60
TV	 3.68	3.68	3.47	3.40
Print	 0.46	0.48	0.50	0.50
Radio	 2.28	2.50	2.89	2.89
Total	 8.33	8.46	8.64	8.39
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 23	21	21	19
TV	 44	44	40	41
Print	 6	6	6	6
Radio	 27	30	33	34
Total	 100	100	100	100
55 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
64%
2016e INTERNET USERS %
OF 13-70s
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: TGI; FocusBari;
Web-id; Ened; Google Analytics
Greece
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration % of phone users	 35	 45	 52	 55
Tablet penetration %	 5	 11	 15	 18		
	
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online		 2.20	2.35	2.35
TV		 2.50	2.50	2.50
Print		 0.59	0.50	0.50
Radio		 1.90	1.90	1.90
Total		 7.19	7.25	7.25
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online		 31	32	32
TV		 35	34	34
Print		8	7	7
Radio		 26	26	26
Total	 100	100	100	100
Top websites	UNIQUES
	000s
	 	
Newsbomb.gr	4,597,280
Lifo.gr	4,124,339
Protothema.gr	4,028,107
iEfimerida.gr	 3,966,362
Newsit.gr	3,952,248	
Streaming Audio	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Spotify	650,000
56 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: Nielsen Media Index;
comScore
Hong Kong
89%
2016e ADULT INTERNET
USERS %
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUE	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Yahoo.com.hk	3,655	 7.2
Google.com.hk	3,272	 3.9
Yahoo.com	2,465	 5.1
Facebook.com	2,405	 13.7
Google.com	2,402	 7.5
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Next Media Interactive Ltd.	 3,989	 78.6
Oriental Press Group	 2,415	 14.5
Yahoo Sites	 2,295	 20.7
HKET Holdings	 1,987	 10.9
OpenRice	1,977	 27.9
OTT SVOD	
Netflix launched Jan 2016
LeEco
Smartphone penetration %	 53	 62	 80	 85
Tablet penetration %	 21	 24	 34	 40	
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online	 2.40	2.43	2.85	2.95
TV	 2.75	2.23	2.15	2.11
Print	 1.17	1.12	1.10	1.07
Radio	 1.10	1.05	1.02	1.01
Total	 7.42	6.83	7.12	7.14
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 32	36	40	41
TV	 37	33	30	30
Print	 16	16	15	15
Radio	 15	15	14	14
Total	 100	100	100	100
57 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: Gemius-Ipsos;
Nielsen; Millward Brown TGI; Ipsos/
GfK; IAB
Hungary
64%
2015e 18+ INTERNET
USERS %
307
2016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER
USD
30%
2015e AUTOMATED % OF
ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration % of whole population	 24	 31	 41	 55
Tablet penetration % of whole population	 6	 11	 15	 18		
	
E-commerce in HUF bn (including travel)	 210	 273	 355	 447
E-commerce per adult internet user HUF	 44,322	 54,688	 69,690	 86,628
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (per online user)	 1.71	 1.90	 2.55	 3.10
				
Online (average for all adults)	 0.99	 1.17	 1.60	 1.97
TV	 5.02	5.02	4.98	4.95
Print	 0.36	0.35	0.35	0.35
Radio	 2.95	2.85	3.00	3.00
Total	 9.32	9.39	 9.93	10.27
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 11	12	16	19
TV	 54	53	50	48
Print	 4	4	4	3
Radio	 32	30	30	29
Total	 100	100	100	100
Top websites	 UNIQUE	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
origo.hu	1,409	 26
blog.hu	1,294	 4
arukereso.hu	1,180	 5
index.hu	 1,158	 50
jofogas.hu	1,120	 21
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS
	000s
Facebook	2,000	
Facebook Messenger	 1,500	
YouTube	1,000	
Viber	800	
Instagram	600
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
Netflix	 50
Streaming audio	 ESTIMATED USERS 000s
Spotify	 150 	
Deezer	90	
SoundCloud	80
58 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
India
Top websites	 UNIQUE	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google Sites	 72,653	 180
Facebook	47,590	 156
Microsoft Sites	 34,991	 35
Yahoo Sites	 33,224	 70
Amazon Sites	 29,323	 19
BitTorrent Network	 26,693	 1
Flipkart sites	 24,255	 20
Times Internet Limited	 20,718	 26
Jabong.com	19,750	 6
OTT SVOD	
Hotstar (Star India)		
Sony Live		
dittoTV (Zee)		
ErosNow		
HOOQ (Sony/Warner)		
VOOT (Viacom)		
ALT Digital (Balaji; June 2016)		
Frost  Sullivan estimates 1.3 million OTT paid
video subscribers
Smartphone penetration % (of all handset users)	 14.8	 21.0	 26.0	 28.3
Tablet penetration % (of all internet users)	 2.0	 2.7	 3.9	 13.0		
		
E-commerce in USD bn (including travel)	 13	 16	 21	 38
E-commerce per 12+ internet user USD	 67	 63	 61	 89
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (average of 12+users)	 3.40	 3.77	 3.90	 3.27
				
Online (average for all 12+)	 0.68	 1.03	 1.41	 1.41
TV	 2.42	2.59	2.66	3.15
Print (top 10 titles)	 0.34	 0.28	 n/a	 n/a
Radio	 0.47	0.47	 n/a	 n/a
Total	 3.91	4.37	4.07	4.56
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 17	23		
TV	 62	59		
Print	 9	6		
Radio	 12	11		
Total	 100	100	 n/a	 n/a
Historic sources: IAMAI; PwC; comScore;
publishers; GroupM estimates
43%2016e 12+ INTERNET
USERS %
892016e E-COMMERCE PER
12+ INTERNET USER USD
30%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
50%2015e AUTOMATED %
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
59 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Historic sources: eMarketer;
comScore; Technasia, Jakarta Post;
Merdeka.com
Indonesia
40%
2016e iNTERNET USERS %
60
2016e E-COMMERCE PER
INTERNET USER USD
SNAPSHOT
Smartphone penetration % of phone users	 17	 24	 29	 40
Tablet penetration % of whole population	 2	 8	 10	 13		
	
E-commerce in USD bn (excluding travel)	 1.1	 1.6	 3.4	 6.2
E-commerce per internet user USD	 15	 19	 36	 60
Top websites	 UNIQUE	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Google Sites	 22,057	 209
Facebook	16,006	 151
Yahoo sites	 10,941	 53
Lazada Sites	 10,158	 4
WordPress.com	7,319	 2
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER MONTH
	 	
Whatsapp	n/a	 180
BBM	 55,000	690
Instagram	n/a	 n/a
Facebook	n/a	 n/a
LINE	 30,000	150
Streaming audio	 AVG. VISIT (JAN 2015)
Deezer	555,808	
Spotify.com	171,949	
Melon.co.id	62,295	
langitmusik.co.id	53,055	
Guvera	24,696
60 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016
2013 2014 2015 2016e
Ireland
Smartphone penetration % of phone users	 64	 70	 74	 80
Tablet penetration (% of pop. having access to a tablet)	 21	 29	 31	 49		
		
E-commerce in EUR bn	 4.6	 5.3	 6.0	 7.0
E-commerce per adult internet user EUR	 1,390	 1,558	 1,744	 2,034
Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals)	
Online (per online user, ex streaming)				 3.39
				
Online (average for all 18+, ex streaming)	 2.02	 2.40	 2.50	 3.15
TV	 2.81	2.60	2.55	2.28
Print				0.83
Radio	 2.22	2.42	2.42	1.74
Total	 7.05	7.42	7.47	8.00
Adult media usage (percentages)				
Online	 29	32	33	39
TV	 40	35	34	29
Print	 0	0	 0	10
Radio	 31	33	32	22
Total	 100	100	 n/a	 n/a
Historic sources: Eir Household Survey;
GWI; Ecommerce Europe; GroupM;
comScore
*ex mobile
93%2016e ADULT INTERNET
USERS %
2,2602016e E-COMMERCE PER
ADULT INTERNET USER USD
27%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
20%2015e AUTOMATED %
OF ONLINE DISPLAY
SNAPSHOT
Top websites	 UNIQUE	 AV MINUTES	
	000s*	 PER MONTH
	 	
RTE.ie	807,000	20
Inpdependent.ie	748,000	 33
Irish Times	 732,000	 19
Wikipedia	728,000	 14
BBC	 709,000	23
Top apps	 ESTIMATED USERS	 AV MINUTES	
	000s	 PER DAY
	 	
Color Switch	 n/a	
FB Messenger	 n/a	 18
Whatsapp	n/a	 13
Snapchat	n/a	 8
Facebook	n/a	 45
OTT SVOD	 ESTIMATED HOMES 000s
Netflix	 150,000
Google Play	
Sky Go	
BBC iPlayer	
Vimeo	
Streaming audio
iTunes
Spotify
Apple Music
Google Play Music
SoundCloud
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016
GroupM's Interaction 2016

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GroupM's Interaction 2016

  • 2. INTRODUCTION by Rob Norman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A SHORT WALK THROUGH THE NUMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 AD FRAUD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 ONLINE BRANDS ADVERTISING ON TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 TRADITIONAL TV BRAND ADVERTISING ONLINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 ADBLOCKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 THE YOUNG TV AUDIENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 VIEWABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 THE NUMBERS: ARGENTINA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 AUSTRALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 AUSTRIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 BELGIUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 BRAZIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 CANADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 CHILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 CHINA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 CZECH REPUBLIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 DENMARK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 FINLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 FRANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 GERMANY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 GREECE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 HONG KONG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 HUNGARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 INDIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 INDONESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 IRELAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 ITALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 JAPAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 LATVIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 LITHUANIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 MALAYSIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 MEXICO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 NETHERLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 NORWAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 PHILIPPINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 POLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 PORTUGAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 RUSSIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 SINGAPORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 SLOVAK REPUBLIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 SOUTH AFRICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 SOUTH KOREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 SPAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 SWEDEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 TAIWAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 THAILAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 TURKEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 UKRAINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 VENEZUELA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 VIETNAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 GroupM Central Saint Giles 1 St Giles High Street London WC2H 8AR United Kingdom All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without written permission from the copyright owners. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents, but the publishers and copyright owners cannot accept liability in respect of errors or omissions. Readers will appreciate that the data are as up-to-date only to the extent that their availability, compilation and printed schedules will allow and are subject to change. 2 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 CONTENTS
  • 4. 4 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Welcome to Interaction 2016, our annual aggregation of digital media data and opinion. The velocity of thought leadership and its dissemination has accelerated and colleagues from the world of GroupM and its agencies have published more than ever before. We are therefore focusing on areas we feel are most critical to the overall marketplace. As ever the world has changed. Microsoft (other than Bing) and Apple effectively exited the advertising business, internet icon AOL was acquired by Verizon (Yahoo next?) and ad tech company Tapad by Telenor, continuing a trend of telco moves into data and advertising. Rather than further commentary on mergers and acquisitions, the dominance of Facebook and Google, the emergence of Snapchat and the possible implications of virtual and augmented reality or the machinations of competition between the digital giants, the purpose of this document is to identify the most important aspects of the year ahead as they pertain to advertisers. SIX AREAS STAND OUT 1 The integrity of the digital media supply chain • The challenge of the stream and the curious case of online video measurement 2 Meeting the challenge of ad avoidance 3 The unabated rise of the app • The medium is the Messenger 4 E-commerce • Retailers, marketplaces and selling on the edge 5 The economics of television creation and distribution and the role of the advertiser 6 The opportunity and challenges for data-driven advertising and its attendant security Supply chain integrity—criminal, commercial and critical In March of 2014 the Wall Street Journal asserted that some 36% of all web traffic was fraudulent: specifically that only 64% of aggregated traffic was viewed by humans rather than by “bot” software designed to inflate the volume of impressions in the market and thus defraud advertisers by charging for impressions that simply did not exist. Alongside this patently criminal action was the compounding effect of impressions that were served into websites but that never entered the screen space visible to the user. The purpose of this note is to identify the most important aspects of the year ahead as they pertain to advertisers. INTRODUCTION
  • 5. 5 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Together these factors created a sudden and entirely legitimate loss of confidence in the digital inventory supply chain. The right not to be a victim of crime is self-evidently inalienable. Advertisers are far from the only victims of fraud. It has been suggested by many authorities that it is providing a significant part of the funding of organized crime and the trafficking of armaments, narcotics and human beings. The battle against fraud is being waged across the industry and by organizations like the Trustworthy Accountability Group that have made a huge contribution by verifying publisher inventory as authentic and giving advertisers greater confidence that bot traffic can be identified and that they will not be charged for it. Such traffic will never be eliminated completely, but the incentives to the fraudsters can be massively reduced if detection prior to payment is effective. Viewability is a commercial issue not a criminal one. In less than two years digital media trading on behalf of major advertisers has migrated from ignorance of the issue, to shocked recognition, to a high level of vigilance in both display and video. Many advertisers in the USA in particular now trade exclusively on viewable impressions. The GroupM USA standard is simple. 100% of the ad must appear in the viewable window in order to qualify for payment. In video the same standard applies with the added qualification that at least 50% of the first 15 seconds of video must be viewed, with the sound on. For advertisers familiar with television this seems a modest expectation. This is not a simple matter, but rapid progress is being made. The technology exists to verify our standard and many publishers have redesigned their sites to maximize viewability. It already seems clear 2016 will be the year in which demand for bad supply will plummet. It already seems clear that 2016 will be the year in which the demand for bad supply will plummet.
  • 6. 6 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 GroupM has elected to take a robust stance in North America—and now in markets such as Canada and Australia—abetted by the vociferous support of our clients and by many publishers who believe their inventory to be of premium value. It helps that we confine transactions to about 200 suppliers for the vast majority of our business. Walking in the best-lit neighborhoods is the best way of keeping safe. By working with those partners and staying away from other inventory we believe that we are succeeding in minimizing the challenges of fraud and viewability. Our goal is to standardize this approach around the world. This is a long but valuable endeavor. Our goal is to drive a behavioral change that reduces the need for rules. If the appropriate incentives can be agreed upon we will succeed. Nowhere is this more important than in programmatic media where velocity must not be allowed to obscure integrity. Programmatic is about the automation of manual processes in trading and data application, not a mechanism for creating the illusion of efficiency. The challenge of the stream and the curious case of online media measurement The biggest outstanding challenge remains viewability in “feed-” or “stream”-based environments including Facebook, Twitter and Instagram as well as the vast majority of mobile applications. Given the astonishing growth of mobile media consumption this is of immense significance. Now saturated in terms of device penetration, mobile has overtaken the desktop in almost all aspects of digital media behavior although desktop use itself remains at a four-year average. Most mobile use is scrolling, in which advertising is inherently ephemeral. Many have adopted verification standards yet three factors concern us: • First, the speed of the scroll means advertising may pass through the viewable window yet be seen only fleetingly • Second, the notion that “autoplay” video with a charging event after three seconds “in window” may not represent a reasonable period for advertising effect. This is not to say that it has no effect. • Third, the propensity for individuals to consume their feeds without sound, a behavior exaggerated by the autoplay factor The message to video advertisers would appear to be simple: if creative assets do not deliver their goals within three seconds and without sound, the value of in-feed video has, at least, to be questioned. Given the pervasiveness of these platforms new creative forms would seem to be an imperative. It may be time to remove the zero from the 30-second standard that has characterized video advertising for generations. Perhaps those will give rise to a new definition of earned media in which the dividend is calculated by the number of seconds viewed over and above the point at which the advertiser is charged. It may be time to remove the zero from the 30-second standard.
  • 7. 7 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Irrational exuberance is short-lived in challenging economic times. If advertisers don’t find a creative and economic formula that works they will take their investment elsewhere or simply move still more spend toward trade marketing and promotions at the expense of advertising. The feed-based publishers have created an outstanding user experience as evidenced by their popularity. They have succeeded equally in creating targeting capabilities using unprecedented volumes of data. The ad units of the past just don’t fit in the containers of the present, and extensive work is underway to prove or disprove the value of very short video interactions. The outcome of that work will be to value feed video to both buyer and seller. This process will have a substantial impact on supply and demand. If the value exists, in terms of long- and short-term recall and effectiveness, at a price above the available yield from other ad units, a substantial source of supply will be created. If not the opposite will apply. Digital video is further complicated by the metrics available to advertisers. Despite the limitations of television measurement it is possible to assess the role the medium plays in people’s lives both in terms of programming and advertising. Further, it is easy enough to tease out viewing cohorts and their viewing hours and to discover the content to which they pay attention. Such comparison is not available in feed or some other digital-only environments. The early days of the internet promised the most accountable media ever. It became apparent quickly that there was a large difference between accountable and countable. Countable, unfortunately, is only of value if those in control of what appear to be perfect data choose to share, and have verified, that data. Thus far this has not been forthcoming. Instead partial metrics such as time spent per average monthly unique user and aggregated video hours seem to be the limit of disclosure. The early days of the internet promised the most accountable media ever.
  • 8. 8 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 There are far more illuminating metrics such as video views, initiated video views (as opposed to autoplay) and advertising (as opposed to content) views among particular cohorts. In the United States, for example, Nielsen reports that 89% of all online video is consumed by 11% of households. Absent more disclosure from the platforms concerned we can only speculate. One piece of speculation may be this: if Facebook users spend on average almost 50 minutes per day on the company’s platforms it’s probable that around one-tenth is spent with video, most of which is autoplay. Given Facebook’s desire to put the user first it’s unlikely that more than one- tenth of the videos to which the user is exposed are advertising—yielding a maximum of 50 seconds of ad exposure per user per day. If that is true the number of ads that are watched for 10 seconds or more may be less than one per user per day. We offer this calculation not as “a truth” but as an informed speculation absent actual proof. This is not an issue exclusive to Facebook, but as the market leader (by far) in feed-based advertising it seems reasonable to ask the company to publish such data at a level of granularity that allows its sole source of revenue, the advertiser, to make informed decisions. If that happens, Twitter and Snapchat will follow suit by necessity and a clearer picture will emerge. For now we have to draw our own conclusions. Facebook reports 1.6 billion users and 10 billion video views per day: extraordinary numbers, but numbers without the context of time and distribution are numbers of limited meaning. YouTube is barely more of an open book, but at least autoplay is not an issue and we believe that Google will begin to report more illuminating data soon. The tools to verify and measure audiences exist. In almost all cases these tools are also deployed. However, until that deployment yields relevant The tools for both verification and measurement of audiences exist.
  • 9. 9 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 and actionable reporting the advertiser will continue to be uneasy. This unease is exaggerated by the resistance to third-party adserving into some apps. Advertisers fought a long battle for the right to do this on the desktop and for the right to pay on independent “counts.” If 2015 raised the demand for truth across the entire media ecosystem, 2016 will be the year of reconciliation or consequence for failure. By mid-2016 results from Moat verification in Facebook and Twitter’s feed will be available at usable scale; our expectation is of high (if short) viewability and low (if any) fraud. The key as mentioned above is how this translates into effectiveness. Adblocking: cause, effect and resolution I can’t see you, so you can’t see me. Adblocking has alarmed both publishers and advertisers. For the former it means that total impressions served are not reflected in the amount of ad inventory available for sale. For the latter, the cost takes the form of lost potential reach rather than a direct financial penalty. There are many competing theories that purport to explain the rise of adblocking: latency of site performance, the cost of data for rendering ads, the clutter of sites, a resistance to ad tracking, irritation at being retargeted with a product already purchased and so on. Some or all of these are true some of the time. There is also the broader “because I can” theory. Simply, if the content is available without ads it’s a superior consumer experience. The “covert” contract between user and publisher that called for the acceptance of advertising in exchange for content has been breached. The range of responses to the problem are as varied as its causes. Some publishers warn the user with an adblocker installed that, in addition to ads, content will also be blocked. Other publishers have engaged in aggressive site redesign to make for a better experience that includes ads. In doing that they are being more selective about the ads they run, the targeting engines that place them and the load / latency implications of both the ads themselves and the multiple tags they contain for verification, tracking and attribution. Advertisers and the entities that place their ads have always sought relevance and engagement; the consumer has chosen to set a higher bar. Advertisers and the buyers of media have a further responsibility. Until now, we have assumed almost all data are worth having. But however much he gathers, no advertiser commands complete, continuous data. This creates a risk that the advertiser’s left hand may not know what his right hand is doing. A customer who has already made a purchase may be bombarded with redundant repeat ads wherever he roams: what we might call the phenomenon of “repetitive irrelevance.” Even worse, several advertisers may be sharing the same data and using performance-oriented media, multiplying Other publishers have engaged in aggressive site redesign to make for a better experience that includes ads.
  • 10. 10 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 the “repetitive irrelevance.” Tracking and targeting intended to make advertising welcome makes it a nuisance. It is dysfunctional. The advertiser damages his reputation and pays to do so. This brief analysis suggests that a partial solution to adblocking is a combination of design, technology, common sense and the ability to establish the point, across channels and vendors, at which the application of a particular data point becomes the poison of marketing rather than the antidote to ineffectiveness. Others have alternatative solutions. The creation of “paid inclusion” adblocker beaters seems insidious and tantamount to the use of the superhighway by superhighwaymen. The notion that approval of ads and advertisers by anyone other than the advertiser, publisher or consumer seems absurd. Reports of the penetration and usage of adblockers and its cost to the digital advertising economy vary widely and wildly. Initially the received wisdom was that this was a desktop problem restricted to young male gamers in Central Europe. The logic was clear: gaming works best with minimal latency; ads add to that latency; so they block them. This diagnosis proved hopeful more than helpful. We now believe the problem to be widespread if not catastrophic; however, we believe the tide can be stemmed. The last fortress against adblocking is the mobile app ecosystem, but it would be unwise to assume that this is a permanent redoubt. Today this security is created by the inability of third parties to insert the necessary code into any given application, but betting against the ingenuity of those who seek to change that seems risky at best. The adblocking conundrum raises a further challenge to advertisers. The part of the digital experience served by the publisher’s content management system is readily accepted by users, but the part served by the ad management system is not. In consequence access to the former stream becomes an imperative. Most commonly referred to as native advertising or content marketing, this precious real estate calls for a higher bar as the publisher has to consider the value of transparently-sponsored content to the user. This demands the creation of advertiser funded “stories” that are legitimately editorially relevant to the user. This should lead to a developing practice in “story finding” as opposed to story telling. Simply defined, story finding is the process of finding “authentic” editorial themes to which brands can attach their own narrative. Doing this requires close vendor collaboration and disclosure to the user. The approach is clearly going mainstream as vendors as diverse as Conde Nast, The Guardian, New York Times, Vice and Refinery29 have all invested heavily in content studios to satisfy this demand. The last fortress against adblocking is the mobile app ecosystem.
  • 11. 11 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Delivering this solution repeatedly and at scale will be onerous, but like so much in digital marketing nothing turns out to be as easy as it might have seemed. All change; there’s an app for that. Apps are familiar to any smartphone or tablet user. Increasingly they are familiar to smart TV and watch owners and to the buyers of new cars, home automation systems and household appliances. In the absence of precise data, certainly at a global level, it is estimated that 90% of time spent with a smartphone is mediated by an app. Most users have 30 to 50 apps installed. Of those, less than 10 represent 90% of aggregate usage. Those are dominated by Facebook (including Instagram, Messenger and WhatsApp) and Google (Gmail, search, maps and YouTube) along with Amazon and others. Users also, subject to the cost of data, will use a range of communication, entertainment, commerce and service apps (banking for example) and many, albeit a narrower group, will use health and gaming apps. Locally the names change but while some apps are near-global, regional analogs tell the same story. The dominant apps are united by ease of use, frequency of use and value. It is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than it is for a new application to break into the top 10. The rise of the app ecosystem challenges two familiar narratives of the digital age. The first is that fragmentation is an exponential curve of fractured media control. It’s not. All the evidence in the app environment suggests a consolidation of both usage and ownership. The second is that digital evolution has been described as “broadcast to desktop to mobile” when more accurately it can be characterized as “channels” (many), to sites (very very many) to apps (many created, many installed but remarkably few used with any frequency). Channels to sites to apps.
  • 12. 12 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 For advertisers, the creation of persistent relevance in the major apps is a challenge for now and the coming years. It may be that advertising is simply not enough, and that a new focus on content supporting a brand narrative and services that attract frequent engagement through utility will become a priority. This will not be cheap, easy or quick, but nor was the path to dominance by certain companies in commercial television. The general rule is that if your ambition is to deliver a return on scale you have to leverage that scale in the market; the ultimate dividend is persistent competitive advantage. The medium is the Messenger Every generation or two has its communications channel of choice: from letters, to the telegram, to the telephone, email, SMS and now instant- messaging platforms. From WeChat and Line to WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger and Snapchat there are now in excess of two billion unduplicated users of messaging platforms. Far from being simply the IP version of SMS, messenger platforms are increasingly enriched by content, services, payments and commerce. The implications are substantial and have the potential to vaporize SMS as a revenue stream and disrupt activities as diverse as customer service and banking. Messaging has also enabled the rebirth of ancient language; hieroglyphics have been reinvented as emojis. Messenger services succeed because they are instant, intimate and require minimal bandwidth and device capability. This drives adoption among the young, the time-starved and those to whom fiber-to-the-home is far from a near-term reality. Facebook’s dominant position in the sector is a partial explanation for its commitment to internet.org, which will deliver sufficient bandwidth to many so far untouched by the internet. The unduplicated users of Facebook’s two messenger platforms now match those of Facebook itself. Messenger services succeed because they are instant, intimate and require minimal bandwidth and device capability.
  • 13. 13 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 E-commerce. Retailers, e-tailers, marketplaces and selling on the edge The rush to digital retailing is speeding up. Amazon continues its dominance in the West and Alibaba in the Far East. The companies are notable for their contrasting business models; Amazon, a conventional retailer that buys and holds stock, and Alibaba, a platform that connects buyers (millions) and sellers (tens of thousands). The Uber of e-commerce? They are not alone. China’s No. 2 player JD.com follows the Amazon model, and Flipkart in India and MercadoLibre in Latin America follow Alibaba. It’s dangerous to predict the future, but there is a sense that the newer entrants will follow the marketplace connection model. Wish for example is a platform based in Europe that connects thousands of (mostly) Chinese merchants to markets across the world and uses nothing more complex than the postal service for fulfillment of goods that perform necessary functions and are rarely adorned with name brands. By contrast Flipkart, another marketplace, is likely to bet heavily on a logistics ground war in India. It will use that to fill the gaps in Indian infrastructure and is likely to license this asset beyond its own uses. This could be the world’s first “ground cloud.” Interestingly, Wish and others are also key revenue drivers of Google and Facebook and are joining the top five advertisers on each of those platforms alongside online travel bookers and others. It’s fairly certain that the Facebook and Google Top 100 look less and less like the Ad Age Top 100 every day. Of course every retailer and every brand owner is prioritizing digital sales channels as consumer behavior shifts. That shift is accelerated by mobile adoption and that in turn is fueling the idea of “commerce at the edge.” This idea follows the same logic as off-platform content distribution. As publishers can no longer rely on every user to visit their own destination they look to Facebook Instant Articles and elsewhere to spread their reach. Similarly merchants and brand owners are looking to make as many interactions as possible shoppable by taking commerce opportunities beyond their owned-and-operated properties. Media space is becoming shelf space. That the only commerce model is the “everything store” is no longer true as opportunities open up for more and more brands to sell directly to consumers rather than through either traditional or digital store intermediaries. For many brand owners e-commerce sales still represent a tiny fraction of total volume, but all recognize that’s a short-term situation and that “selling everywhere” is key to their future. In many cases brand owners who contemplate owned-and-operated commerce solutions do so in part for sales but also for the potential to collect first-party data that fuels targeting on the broadest array of platforms. That media space is becoming shelf space is no longer a matter for conjecture.
  • 14. 14 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 A whole bundle of problems for television (as we know it) Amazon and Netflix made aggregate profits of less than $500 million in 2015. In 2016 they will spend $10 billion creating content. The Walt Disney Company, by contrast, reported profits of $8.4 billion for the year (may the force be with it). Netflix and Amazon have almost no barriers to market entry anywhere in the world that has enough affordable bandwidth and enough people that can pay each party $100 per year for service. On its own this may be enough to catalyze long-term disruption. Clearly both companies need the tide of revenue and profit to rise sooner rather than later. An economic cold snap in the manner of 2009 could make services like Netflix seem like a “nice to have” addition to free-to-air television but not a necessity. Equally, a significant rise in energy costs could inflate Amazon’s already immense fulfillment costs and impact margins to a level that induces unease among its investors. The current bet is that Amazon video drives adoption of Prime and Prime breaks down the barrier of instant gratification across categories. Assuming no such calamities, these companies represent an existential threat to the status quo in any country where the concept of “bundled subscription content” is the norm and where those bundles are prescribed by the provider of cable, satellite or broadband access. The bundle supports three things. First, a persistent and significant subscription revenue stream; second, the ability of many sub-prime channels to gain household distribution; and third, the mixed economy of subscription and advertising. In “Interaction 2012” we commented that Netflix was unlikely to be able to make and acquire content at sufficient speed to become a primary choice for consumers. We were wrong and the arrival of Amazon Instant Video in multiple markets merely amplifies the error in our analysis. The implications are far-reaching. On the one hand Amazon and Netflix represent a new market for creators and producers and a new enticement for broadband for the unconnected and poorly connected. At the same time they represent a threat to suppliers of a connection and content bundle as the temptation to choose from the a la carte menu over the prix fixe increases. The greater threat is to those channel owners that are a component of the bundle that are paid for by many but watched by fewer. In an a la carte world the value of either Netflix or Amazon’s service seems superior to most competitors. Outside of the most basic subscription packages the adhesive in the bundle is live sport and the economic ramifications for sports broadcasters and rights holders of so called “cord cutting” are substantial. Incidentally “cord cutting” is a rather inaccurate descriptor. The broadband cord remains central, it’s the bundle that goes with it that does not. There is no good news for advertisers in this series of developments. Netflix and Amazon, like HBO and other super-premium services, neither rely on nor pursue advertising as a significant revenue source and its A more competitive market in the communication channel that is most effective at building brands.
  • 15. 15 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 growth clearly reduces the amount of screen time available for advertising, particularly among younger and more affluent audiences. This leaves advertisers with a more competitive market in the communication channel that they know is most effective at building brands. Falling supply together with this usage imperative combines to increase costs for reaching an audience; an audience that is already compromised by non-live viewing and the fragmentation of attention caused by concurrent device usage. While there may be some mitigation of effect through the deployment of synchronous and asynchronous application of “second screens” it would appear that the tide does not favor the advertiser. It’s absurd to declare that either television or television advertising are dead and equally absurd not to recognize the role of the most familiar media brands in creating innovative advertising opportunities in both linear and non-linear environments. The availability of data and the application of technology have refined the use of television. Where addressability to the set-top box is available, first- and third-party data sets are matched with subscriber files allowing delivery to only those homes that match the targeting requirement. Campaigns are reported on true set-top data enabling the advertiser to establish a direct link to sales or other events. In the USA we expected 50% of television households to be addressable by the end of the first quarter of 2016. At this scale, many large advertisers will adopt addressable advertising. Additionally almost all the legacy players have OTT (over the top) solutions accessible via broadband as opposed to the cable bundle. We believe that these parties could further advantage both themselves and the advertiser against their native digital competitors by collective action in respect of user data. If the advertiser had full visibility across all available inventory and associated transaction data we believe that ad-supported, on-demand, professional content would increase its share of the available video market. Television has moved significantly to embrace the potential of data yet there is little sign of market-level collaboration. The availability of data and the application of technology have refined the use of television.
  • 16. 16 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 The effects of this evolution will play out over time and at different speeds around the world. In some markets, like China, advertisers are already advanced in the migration from television to digital video. In that case there is less of a commercial legacy to disrupt. In western markets the change will be slower but may redraw the economic landscape of television more dramatically. Data—the story unfolds bit by bit It is now accepted that the CMO and CIO positions are interdependent in the business of managing customer data in pursuit of generating demand and growth. The simple notion is that the more data signals that can be harvested and applied to segmentation and media targeting the more effective the investment will be. It follows then that the CIO needs to create a platform for deployment by the CMO to the greatest effect. One fundamental benefit to the smart data user is an advantage against both competitors and the suppliers of media inventory that comes from knowing something about a customer or a prospect or even an ad impression that the other party does not know. We might refer to this as achieving “data asymmetry,” perennially a key factor in media trading. Achieving the advantage of asymmetry applied to external markets requires organizations to achieve symmetry inside the organization. This in turn requires alignment on the right Data Management Platform, one that ingests and values data and keeps it secure while allowing it to be applied outside the organization. One way to address the priorities of the CIO and CMO is to place data into two containers: 1. Data you own, typically about the customer you know • CRM, loyalty, transaction data, email databases and site-side analytics For many advertisers that dividend has taken longer to arrive than many hoped or expected.
  • 17. 17 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2. Data you rent or buy or accrue as the consequence of other actions such as an ad campaign, typically about the customer you would like to know • Third-party, campaign-level and social-community data that tends to be more ephemeral and often available to others or indeed controlled by others The challenge is to conjoin that data for deployment and to increase the scale and value of the first container to reduce dependence on the second container over time. In so doing the dividend of data will be accrued most successfully. For many advertisers that dividend has taken longer to arrive than many hoped or expected. It’s becoming clear that all data is not born equal; a hierarchy of data will emerge with transaction and first-party data at the top and loosely-inferred behaviors far behind. This will be as true in the programmatic application of data as it was in the days of purely manual processes. To date the application of data has become most refined closest to a binary event, such as a sale. Its value as part of the fundamental evolution of marketing will depend on the ability to identify events or measures that are proxies for future sales and lifetime customer value. Omnichannel attribution including non-digital channels is central to the achievement of this goal. As such it is inappropriate to rely on attribution by companies that are funded all or in part by advertising and whose value is imputed from how successfully they generate revenue. This makes imperative the creation of independent “data spines” that have the capability to connect people to devices and both people and devices to actions. Further, these data spines need to cross categories as the richest portrait comes from understanding holistic consumer behavior rather than behavior in isolated use cases. Data spine development will be a key part of the strategies of leading marketing services companies and also of the giants of marketing technology as both assemble assets that endow the ability to segment and address audiences based on fact as well as faith. GroupM and WPP have taken the view that the corporate end-game is to have the capability to apply “all the data, to all the inventory, all the time and in real time.” Once equipped with this universe, we can refine the skill to apply the right data to the right inventory at the time of maximum opportunity. In pursuit of this goal we have determined that a meta-solution is superior to a rigid tech stack; simply put, this means having access to secured client data, our own data and third-party data and conjoining these for application to private (well-lit, high-quality) inventory sources via a broad range of interfaces unified on the desktops of our planners and analysts. GroupM and WPP have taken the view that the corporate end game is to have the capability to apply “all the data, to all the inventory, all the time and in real time.”
  • 18. 18 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 We have commented before that digital channels and their addressable nature have enabled micro-segmentation and even audience delivery at the individual level. We concluded that the distribution side of advertising was well advanced in this regard but the creative or manufacturing side was not. Our conclusion has not changed. Advertisers are under pressure in creative terms from two sides. The first is to create messaging of sufficient relevance and specificity to exploit its granular delivery and the second is the need for platform-specific assets. The range of formats has exploded. Video that works on television does not work on YouTube and much less on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. We believe that 2016 will be the year in which digital creative strategy and dynamic asset management needs to be as central to the success of digital marketing as media allocation, execution and measurement. Immutable truths amid the constancy of change 1. The integrity of the digital supply chain encompassing fraud, viewability and meaningful measurement are of existential importance to the digital advertising economy 2. Advertising stops working when it is avoided. Better design, greater value to the consumer, and the responsible use of data both in terms of cost to the consumer’s data plan and privacy are essential 3. The app ecosystem represents both challenge and opportunity. The opportunity is for brand participation in the fast-growing mode of media consumption; the challenge is for brands to create impact and value and earn the attention of the consumer. 4. Selling everywhere rather than somewhere will be the new normal for retailers and brand owners. Where intent exists so does the need to satisfy it. 5. Consumers love video. They love it in short and long formats and increasingly they love it on demand and often free of advertising. Technology enables this. It also enables precision and relevance in targeting that will drive efficiency for advertisers and maintain “free video” as a key platform of marketing communication. This is just one part of the evolving economics of what we have traditionally referred to as television. 6. Data has changed advertising. It has not unequivocally changed it for the better. Our collection and application of data needs to be responsible in targeting and holistic in respect of attribution. Only then we will combine respect for the individual with true understanding of behavior. We live in an era in which the discovery of content is as important as its delivery. The distribution systems of media are highly evolved and it’s Brand owners must crack the code of persistent presence in these environments.
  • 19. 19 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 time for a creative renaissance that produces assets that are discoverable, valuable, relevant and specific to the environment of their intended consumption. And finally 2016 won’t be a good year for the faint of heart. Despite the cyclical effect of the Olympics, Euro 2016 and the U.S. presidential election there are substantial headwinds. Persistent low economic growth, a dent in the Chinese dream and slow realization of the potential of Latin America and Africa all conspire to create a tense business environment. Today businesses are extra-cautious and many fear the disruption of activist investors who believe that management is failing to unlock sufficient shareholder value. In response many commentators observe that budgets are increasingly zero-based, new product development has slowed and with it the cycle of slow growth is repeated. There appears to be more rationalization of brand portfolios than product innovation. The key issues we have identified for 2016 (and 2017) are, we believe, united by this; a day, a month or a year of reckoning is upon us. We are at the end of the beginning of digital marketing. We are not now, nor have ever been, at anything like a “steady-state,” but we believe that a more profound sense of responsibility and transparency between business partners together with collective vigilance is an essential ingredient of re-engaging consumers with brand communications. Innovation in communications remains of extreme importance, but perhaps some emphasis will shift from “do it because we can” to “do it because we should” and, as a consequence, produce results that drive profitable outcomes and contribute to a new wave of product development and economic growth. n 2016 won’t be a good year for the faint of heart.
  • 20. 20 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 A Short Walk Through the Numbers
  • 21. 21 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 A SHORT WALK THROUGH THE NUMBERS The media day This year we asked our contributors to be more specific about whether “time online” was for online users only, or averaged for the whole population. We have still not quite got to the bottom of this, but it is clear we were over-reporting online in the past. There are in any case reporting oddities, such as Italy and Germany recording only desktop time online, or China’s sample of 36 cities. We try to adjust for these. Country-by-country figures showing our calculations are all in the electronic version. Linear TV’s share of the media day seems to be declining one percentage point a year, but of course some of this is retrieved online. A majority, perhaps: we will find out as measurement improves in the coming years. Legacy print and radio continue to donate share to online too, though these too may find a floor with digital variants. The world’s media day weighted by population Agg avg. hours 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online 2.17 2.45 2.55 2.67 TV 3.40 3.36 3.33 3.28 Print 0.60 0.58 0.54 0.52 Radio 1.50 1.61 1.59 1.56 Total 7.67 8.00 8.00 8.02 Shares 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online 28 31 32 33 TV 44 42 42 41 Print 8 7 7 6 Radio 20 20 20 19 Total 100 100 100 100 Avg. minutes 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online 130 147 153 160 TV 204 202 200 197 Print 36 35 32 31 Radio 90 97 96 93 Total 460 480 480 481 The world’s media day weighted by local media investment Agg avg. hours 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online 2.05 2.43 2.58 2.72 TV 3.81 3.70 3.65 3.58 Print 0.60 0.56 0.52 0.50 Radio 1.63 1.66 1.65 1.62 Total 8.09 8.34 8.41 8.43 Shares 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online 25 29 31 32 TV 47 44 43 42 Print 7 7 6 6 Radio 20 20 20 19 Total 100 100 100 100 Avg. minutes 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online 123 146 155 163 TV 229 222 219 215 Print 36 34 31 30 Radio 98 100 99 97 Total 485 501 505 506
  • 22. 22 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 The UK again has easily the highest per-user e-commerce at USD 3,715 [Stg 2,666] expected in 2016, followed by Denmark at USD 3,266 (DKr 22,153). The UK has however lost its claim to be the most- digital ad economy. We think digital media will comprise 49% of total UK ad investment in 2016, fractionally behind Denmark and China, with Sweden leading on 52%. The World Bank tells us household final consumption was USD 43tn in 2014, or 66% of global GDP. If we assume half this is retail, then total retail in 2016 should be in the order of 33% x US 72tn or USD 24tn. E-commerce of USD 1.805tn in 2016 would represent 8% of this, roughly a point higher than 2015. Programmatic and video For present purposes “programmatic” means any online display investment which is transacted automatically as opposed to being a manual “insertion order.” We asked our correspondents to estimate what percentage of local digital display ad investment was automated. The result is a global average in 2015 of 37% (2014 = 21%). Excluding the USA, this is 16% (10%). We also asked what percentage online video comprised of local digital display. The global answer: 22% (20%), or 12% (13%) ex USA. Individual values appear in each country entry. n E-commerce 33 countries again supplied e-commerce totals in our survey this year. The dollarised total is depressed about 5% from last year because of dollar appreciation, but still adds up to USD 1,574 billion for 2015 with a run-rate of growth of 15% to take us to a predicted USD 1,805 billion in 2016. Growth is slowing. In 2014 it was 31%, and in 2015, 24%. The main reason for this is China, which accounted for a third of the world’s online retail in 2014 rising to a forecast 38% in 2016 – but growth is moderating from a plainly unsustainable 40% in 2015. We predict the average online shop per user will be USD 777 in 2016. This is still growing faster than the number of online users in our universe, which has slowed from 16% in 2014 to 10% in 2015 and 7% forecast in 2016. 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 CAGR 2013-2016 World total USD bn 306 358 426 750 970 1,270 1,574 1,805 23% Average spend per user USD 356 363 371 490 571 644 727 777 11%
  • 23. 23 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Ad Fraud
  • 24. 24 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Ad fraud is theft of the advertisers’ money and reputation. No legitimate advertiser would want any part in what is a serious and organized global crime. “Impression fraud” is ghost sites and malicious non-human traffic. “Non-impression fraud” includes ad stacking, pixel-stuffing, low-quality inventory (e.g., unsafe pages, poor viewability, ad clutter) and insertion- order infringements (e.g., disregarding blacklists or geographical limitation; or serving autoplay video ads when the advertiser specifies user-initiated). This overlaps with brand safety. In open societies, it is unrealistic to expect government or law enforcement to stop ad fraud, much of which originates from a few rogue countries. The solution therefore lies in the free market, self-regulation and sharing best practices. Attitude to fraud varies around the world. This might be because local prevention technology is still evolving (e.g., India, Czech Republic), or because it is regarded rightly or wrongly as less of a risk. In Brazil, advertisers think of fraud as something agencies fix, if they think of it at all. In South Korea, a famously advanced digital economy, independent verification is still not universal. In Taiwan, local advertisers are reluctant to pay third parties to validate publishers’ claims. Spreading best practices is our priority. As GroupM Spain puts it: “The most powerful remedy is to follow internal and international GroupM practice guidelines.” The view from the front line GroupM USA has been working with leading verification providers like DoubleVerify and Integral Ad Science since 2010. These partners detect both automated bot fraud and human-based “site-fraud” tactics. We can deploy these tools programmatically to pre-filter suspect domains or IP addresses, and we also use them to block server calls to fraudulent domains post-bid or in reserve buys. Coupled with clear contractual protections confirming that our clients didn’t pay for fraud, GroupM ensures that our clients’ ads are seen by real human beings who are in our target in an appropriate editorial environment. The company you keep GroupM Italy observes “Protection from non-human traffic is mainly a planning issue.” Choosing trusted suppliers is the single most effective measure. The UK adds, “Set yourself hard-to-fake outcomes; know what realistic prices are; and investigate anomalies. If something is too good to be true, it probably is.” Wherever it operates, GroupM has preferred partners or “Trusted Market Places.” The membership changes all the time and is kept under constant scrutiny. Lithuania praises its local news portals for averaging only 0.6% suspicious traffic. Australia remarks that “premium publishers may yield Attitude to fraud varies around the world. AD FRAUD
  • 25. 25 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 only one or two percent non-human, ad-fraud traffic. Much traffic from ad exchanges is fraudulent. One 2015 case was 60% fraudulent, from fake sites. We recovered all funds.” GroupM Latin America has a standing preference for “above the fold” placements (i.e., in view on the first page load). Whitelisting: pre-emption is better than cure It is especially important to practice safe selection when shopping for impressions in open markets in which you know little or nothing about the quality of the inventory. Russia: “In RTB buying we run fraud checks by default for all campaigns.” These controls are mostly pre-bid or post-reporting. Pre-bid cannot always detect fake impressions, but advances in machine-learning improve certainty in discriminating real from fake. This feeds back into DSPs to eliminate future purchases on the fraudulent networks. Japan: “Our data science team in conjunction with planners routinely use adserving verification reports and client Google Analytics referrer/ Adobe session data to identify outlier traffic patterns from suspect countries and IP addresses. We then actively extinguish inventory from suspicious sources.” SAD stands for “suspicious activity detection.” Methods include detecting poor viewability, bots, ad stacking and pixel stuffing, but as Denmark points out, monitors do not reveal too much of their methods to avoid informing the fraudsters. Pre-bid cannot always detect fake impressions, but advances in machine-learning improve certainty in discriminating real from fake.
  • 26. 26 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 In some countries it is common for contracts to specify no payment for non-compliant impressions and heavy penalties for brand safety violations. Verification tools Sizmek ranked top in our informal name-recognition survey in last year’s Interaction. Other often-cited names include DoubleVerify, Integral Ad Science, comScore, Moat and trusted DSPs of which the largest is Google’s DoubleClick. China has RTBAsia, a local provider that has become global. One weakness in today’s technology is that different methods produce different results. South Africa remarks that it is possible to mitigate this by using multiple systems in conjunction. Sweden: “These systems are not 100% but do spot the majority of fraud.” Brazil: “Today, with the massive use of display networks and programmatic buying, we have greater confidence in the process made by these vendors to choose which sites will be part of their networks.” Contracts shape behavior In some countries it is common for contracts to specify no payment for non-compliant impressions and heavy penalties for brand safety violations. We have even heard of an employment contract which provides for dismissal if a violation limit is exceeded. One also finds arrangements to compensate clients with make-good inventory for non-human traffic. Publishers may offer reputable controls, but your contract should allow you to use any third-party verification you wish. New Zealand: “We retain the right to audit ad server logs, sites and network logs to identify suspicious behavior.” n
  • 27. 27 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Online Brands Advertising On TV
  • 28. 28 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Do online brands spend a lot on TV advertising? UK TV trade body Thinkbox uses Nielsen data to compile a non-standard ‘“Online” ad category comprising all the big American tech names, comparison sites and other B2C online services. This represented 7% of all UK TV ad investment in 2015, making it the No. 2 ad category behind Food at No. 1. This was a repeat of 2014, except the Online category grew 14% in 2015 while total TV grew 7%. TV accounts for 60% of the big names’ ad budgets, well above TV’s normal 40% share of UK display investment. 22 countries in this report say online brands are big on TV, and another four describe this as a rising trend. The main reasons given for upweighting TV are the ones you would expect: good reach, good awareness and a reasonable price – ideal for product launches and market penetration. Mainstream TV does however have high entry costs, which is one reason smaller online brands often confine themselves to digital options. This fixed-cost/benefit problem may also explain why online brands are less common on TV in small, rich countries like Finland, Norway and Sweden. Malaysia quoted the highest TV share of online category investment at 85%, which is especially remarkable given print is still the dominant medium there. More in line with the U.K. figure are Spain at 70% and The Netherlands at 48%. TV’s ‘“natural” share of global ad budgets is 41%. Japan and China are examples of highly digitized economies in which online brands upweight TV. Japan cites the attractiveness of TV’s naturally older profile (reflecting its aging society) and China values its mass coverage. A Chinese online used-car dealer, Youxin, paid RMB30m (USD4.6m) for a single spot in the popular variety show “Voice of China.” In Germany, some online brands are negotiating joint-venture and equity deals in exchange for airtime. Our network picked out e-commerce as the most competitive online subcategory on TV, with travel, finance and fashion also mentioned. n 22 countries in this report say online brands are big on TV, and another four describe this as a rising trend. ONLINE BRANDS ADVERTISING ON TV
  • 29. 29 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Traditional TV Brand Advertising Online
  • 30. 30 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Turkey, Japan and India specifically mentioned the lack of a “gold standard” as holding back advertising on video. Do traditional TV advertisers spend a lot on digital video? Most “TV” ad campaigns are actually “audio-visual” campaigns these days. Advertisers augment TV with digital video mainly to compensate for TV’s falling reach of younger viewers. Sometimes there is a price advantage. Some mainstream broadcasters incentivize advertisers to use their online channels. Entry cost to video might be lower than for mainstream TV. The main constraint is the generally poor measurement of audiences away from the main TV screen. If advertisers knew more they would probably spend more: without all the facts, it is impossible to reckon either cost- per-impression or incremental value as accurately as one can on broadcast TV. Ad tech has spotted this gap in the market and devised useful synthetic measures based on inference, samples and modelling, but none is a “gold standard” for trading. Turkey, Japan and India specifically mentioned the lack of a “gold standard” as holding back advertising on video. The USA has made the most progress toward deduplicated multiscreen measurement, but cannot yet predict with certainty when a single trading currency will emerge. Similar initiatives are underway in Europe, Latin America and Asia. Advertiser investment in video is rising despite the lack of measurement. Canada is typical, reporting video budgets having grown 30% over three years to reach 12% of the total A/V investment. At the very high end we find FMCG and pharmaceutical advertisers in Italy devoting nearly half their A/V investment to video, and media entertainment clients typically 35% or more. Denmark has instances of 33%. Chile reports 20% as typical. Most countries report video allocation around 10% of the A/V appropriation, ranging 5%-20% according to the individual advertiser and the job in hand. Some advertisers are naturally more committed to digital, and others more conservative. Considerations include the body of established proof relating to TV; the solitary nature of the digital audience versus collective viewing to TV; screen size; and the digital risks of ‘value, viewability and verification.’ And of course the allocation will also be affected by the state of supply. Audience to premium video is often limited, sold out and unpredictable. n TRADITIONAL TV BRAND ADVERTISING ONLINE
  • 31. 31 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Adblocking
  • 32. 32 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 How serious is adblocking in your market? Our network reported the figures below in February 2016. As GroupM Australia says, “There is definitely a lack of hard facts around the impact of adblocking. It remains an area we continue to investigate and monitor.” The numbers below mix estimates, sources and definitions and are intended only to give an idea of the problem. USERS WITH ADBLOCKING INSTALLED % Turkey 3 Latvia 15 Spain 15 Canada 16 Denmark 17 Brazil (midpoint estimate) 20 Greece 20 Hungary 20 Netherlands 20 UK 20 Argentina 23 Czech Republic (midpoint estimate) 25 Germany 25 USA (midpoint estimate) 25 Chile 26 Italy (any device) 27 France (desktop) 30 Poland 30 Austria (any device) 32 Average of above 22 The industry distinguishes between “global” and “local” in publishing and ad serving and verification. ADBLOCKING
  • 33. 33 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 USERS WITH ADBLOCKING INSTALLED % Lithuania all 18 Lithuania under-35 30 Australia 16 to 24 mobile 41 Australia 25 to 34 mobile 42 Australia 35 to 44 mobile 34 Australia 45 to 54 mobile 25 Australia 55 to 64 mobile 20 Australia female mobile 33 Australia male mobile 40 France 16-24 desktop 53 France 25-34 desktop 39 UK all using (November 2015) 18 UK men using 23 UK women using 13 UK 18-24 using 35 UK 25-34 using 20 UK 35-44 using 16 UK 45-54 using 16 UK 55+ using 13 UK PC using 47 UK laptop using 71 UK tablet using 19 UK smartphone using 23 Norway desktop 23 Norway mobile 9 Norway tablet 8 As GroupM Australia says, “There is definitely a lack of hard facts around the impact of adblocking.” More detailed information from a few countries suggests young men are the keenest blockers.
  • 34. 34 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 ESTIMATED LOSS OF INVENTORY % China mobile (midpoint estimate) 4 Australia 8 China PC (midpoint estimate) 11 India (midpoint estimate) 13 Russia 25 France 30 The UK IAB study found 61% of users would prefer to have free content with ads than having to pay. Estimates of inventory lost to adblocking are scarce, but rates seem lower than adblocker penetration. Adblocking is less common in Asia, though this may just be a matter of time: South Korea reports the recent arrival of blocking technology with Western- style consequences. Japan explains that the big blockers have not yet climbed over the language barrier. China points to lower awareness about blockers, and suggests they are less effective because most ads are served by publishers rather than third parties. Singapore reports little impact so far but remains alert. Taiwan also mentions low awareness. Indonesia remarks that its internet traffic is 70% mobile, so structurally less vulnerable. Hong Kong’s advertisers take the positive view that adblocking is about improving the user experience and are ready to switch to video and native if necessary. GroupM Italy surveyed 2,000 users in early 2016 and found 55% knew about adblocking, 27% had installed it, and 25% intended to install it soon. Contrary to signals elsewhere, it found 35-44s the heaviest installers, and women of 25 the most likely to install. The reasons for blocking were, in order, excessive intrusion; slow loading; and privacy. These are typical. The UK IAB found users would be most likely to block less “if the ads don’t interfere with what I’m doing.” GroupM Italy’s most interesting finding was that many users were not actually against advertising, but wanted ads to be more “coherent with the key characteristics of the web: a simple user experience, customized contents and low cluttering.” The UK IAB study found 61% of users would prefer to have free content with ads than having to pay. There would seem to be the makings of a compromise in there somewhere. The USA has taken the initiative in the form of two IAB programs. LEAN ads (light, encrypted, ad choices supported, non-invasive) are voluntary standards for responsible ad formats and data collection that do not eat mobile data plans and do not cause “page latency” and other nuisances. The other is a publisher program called DNCC (detect, notify, choice constrain). This so-called “user choice” engine is code enabling publishers to detect ad blockers, deliver a message to those users about the free internet, give them the choice to turn off the blocker in exchange for free content, sometimes in an “ad-lite” format or deny content if they don’t comply. n
  • 35. 35 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 The Young TV Audience
  • 36. 36 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Australia The average 16-34 audience shrank 13% in 2015. Belgium 2013-2015 16-34 viewing fell 10 minutes a day, and reach fell two percentage points (a fall of 4%). Viewing to other screens has gained one to two share points. Brazil 2010-2015 Young adult viewing has fallen 16%, but 60% are heavy video users. Canada 2013-2015 16-34 ratings shrunk 7% in total, and average weekly hours are 11% down. Chile Since 2011 20-34s free-to-air viewing hours are down 18%, but pay-TV hours are up 44%. Finland Recent fall in double digits Hong Kong 2013-2015 The average prime-time 16-34 rating fell from 15.3 to 12.6 and claimed daily reach fell from 93% to 89%. From 2013 to 2014 the percentage of 16-34s claiming to watch TV on a mobile device rose from 17% to 26%. Hungary 2011-2015 16-34 TV reach dropped 5% and average daily hours by 15 minutes, but reach and hours are still substantial. Internet usage rose 10%. Ireland Down 7% in a year Italy 15-34s shrank 7% in 2015, continuing in 2016, and affecting reach—though good weather reduced viewing generally. Viewing to other screens is not measured. A few countries report their young adult TV audience is stable, but with volume and reach dispersed over more and smaller channels. This is the best one can hope for. GroupM offices in the countries below put the loss in numbers. THE YOUNG TV AUDIENCE
  • 37. 37 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Japan Between 2010 and 2015, according to NHK, the numbers of viewers in their 20s claiming never to watch TV rose from 8% to 16% and those in their 30s from 8% to 13%. Those in their 20s claiming “less than one hour a day” rose from 40% to 56% and those claiming to “prefer digital to terrestrial TV” rose from 49% to 56%. Latvia The 16-34 audience declined about 7% in 2015. Lithuania 16-34 TV hours are about half the average, and 12% do not watch TV at all. Malaysia 2014-2015 15-34s using other media including digital rose from 78% to 92%. Free-to-air viewership has fallen in recent years, but pay-TV is stable. Netherlands Hours fell 18% in 2015 Norway 2010-2015 Average daily minutes fell from 162 to 112 (31%). Russia 16-34 reach is in slow steady decline amounting to several points over recent years. Spain 2011-2015 The total typical TV audience 1% smaller, and the 16-34 part 22% smaller. Average 16-34 hours down 9%. These falls are for free and pay-TV. Sweden 19-29s average 100 min/day online video of which YouTube ~40, Netflix ~20 and catch-ups ~25. UK 2011-2015 All-adult ad impressions (free and pay) are unchanged, but 16-34s are down 11%. USA The 18-49 prime-time cable and broadcast audience shrank 11% in Q1 2015 vs. the prior-year period. The loss rate decelerated across the year and in Q1 2016 stood at -8% in broadcast and -3% in cable.
  • 38. 38 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 This year we will see if these loss rates continue, or stabilize owing to saturation of choice. Evidence from the UK suggests the generation to follow will however wreak more disruption. Over half the TV viewing of UK 12-18s is now non-linear. Analyst Decipher makes these observations of 20 “Millennials” (here meaning 12-18s), which offer hope for TV advertising if we can keep up with the audience: • The big screen in the living room is still the dominant device for millennials, despite them rarely having control in this environment; • Millennials are as engaged as ever with content, personalities and stories. Their definition of what constitutes “TV” is extremely broad; • Young people are showing a growing loyalty to program brands, which they want to consume whenever, wherever and on whichever device; • Millennials’ willingness to move between devices and services is unprecedented, as is their openness to experimenting with new video formats and services; • Millennials’ TV and video viewing continues to be an important part of their social interaction with friends and family. Source: www.itvmedia.co.uk/news/television-and-12-18s-millennials-speak Over half the TV viewing of UK 12-18s is now non-linear.
  • 39. 39 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Viewability
  • 40. 40 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 In December 2014 the US IAB encouraged marketers to aim for 70% viewability in 2015, meaning 70% of ads served would meet Media Research Council (MRC) criteria for viewable impressions. This is a demanding target. The MRC published its viewability criteria in June 2014, running to 14 pages of extensive detail. In the simplest terms, they specify at least 50% of an ad’s pixels must be in view for at least one continuous second and two seconds for video ads. Pending specific mobile standards (expected 2016) the MRC suggests applying the same standards to ads in mobile browsers. It notes that ads served in apps “are currently generally assumed to be viewable.” Most countries use this baseline. An international benchmark is practical: The MRC is therefore the de facto global standard. American leadership and clarity is therefore highly desirable, although advertisers, publishers and agencies are of course free to negotiate different terms in private. Brazil makes the important point that its local IAB advises, not compels. It is all very well for experienced buyers and sellers to make their own arrangements, but we support the adoption of rules and conventions for everyone, and seek industry-wide consensus to shape these. For example, GroupM in India is currently working to make 100% pixels the norm. Quality and quantity Standards should not limit expectations. GroupM in Germany remarks that quality is an important differentiator of agency service. We compete by aiming for the maximum achievable, both pixels-per-impression and impressions-per-campaign, and not settling for the minimum. To do this we find ways to relax the constraints on what publishers can deliver, and what technology can verify, and what auditors can see. GroupM has the scale to test all global and local verification. For example, GroupM in India is currently working to make 100% pixels the norm. VIEWABILITY
  • 41. 41 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Awareness of and tolerance for viewability problems varies from country to country. The world is not flat Awareness of and tolerance for viewability problems varies from country to country. We find the same with ad fraud. U.S. and European multinational advertisers expect and therefore promulgate consistency. It is local advertisers where the differences show up. Latin America has generally not acknowledged the North American standards: GroupM Argentina describes viewability more as something to be negotiated than as a quality control. There is similar disinterest in viewability in South Korea and Taiwan. Local advertisers in Japan took notice only in November after Google said it would charge only for viewable impressions. GroupM Japan acted early, setting an internal standard that 65% of impressions be satisfactorily viewable. It achieves 70% with Xaxis video, which is now its general target for all automated buys. GroupM Hong Kong likes ads to load “above the fold,” so the audience can see it without scrolling. The market in Lithuania recognizes the MRC criteria, but for local portals GroupM mostly applies what it calls “inscreen buying,” which pays only if the whole ad is showing. GroupM USA similarly, and for video it requires evidence of a human audience that initiated the ad to play, with audio. WYSIWYG GroupM Denmark typically achieves 45% campaign viewability on mobile video; 70% on static desktop; and 80% on desktop video. In mid-2014 it found the industry average for all display was around 40% and set itself a target of 70%, which it achieved in a few months and has since sustained. For video, it is normal to see a “completion rate” specified, meaning watched all the way to the end. GroupM USA works to 50%; Finland expects at least 75%. Sometimes you might agree some form of pro-rata pricing for “viewing persistence.” GroupM Turkey mentioned it sometimes requires two seconds’ dwelltime for static ads. To beat the average for viewability means being fussy about the suppliers you deal with. Ask your agency how viewability scores compare between, say, Google, Facebook, Microsoft and Xaxis. One question will always lead to another! Put it in writing GroupM guidance is to contract only for viewable impressions, and preferably only for those with 100% of pixels in view for the desired duration. Measurement discrepancies between sources are inevitable, so the small print should provide for reasonable tolerances. It’s not all about money: all data are a potential source of insight. Famous names The industry distinguishes between “global” and “local” in publishing and ad serving and verification. Global server/verifier names our correspondents mentioned were AppNexus, Integral Ad Science, Adform, Sizmek, Rubicon, Improve Digital, Moat, Weborama and DoubleClick. n
  • 42. 42 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Smartphone penetration % 21 25 31 35 Tablet penetration % 10 13 15 18 E-commerce in ARS bn (excluding travel) 18.2 30.1 45.1 51.1 E-commerce per adult internet user ARS 728 1,111 1,555 1,715 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (15+, ex mobile) 0.65 0.62 0.70 0.64 TV (18+) 3.40 3.20 3.15 3.60 Print (18+) 0.62 0.60 0.60 Radio (18+) 5.70 5.30 5.30 5.90 Total 9.75 9.74 9.75 10.74 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 7 6 7 6 TV 35 33 32 34 Print 0 6 6 6 Radio 58 54 54 55 Total 100 100 100 100 Argentina Historic sources: Emarketer, Euromonitor, comScore, TGI 68% 2016e INTERNET USERS % 112 2016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 20-30% 2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT *ex mobile Top websites UNIQUE 000s AV MINUTES (DEC 2015)* PER MONTH Google search 15,243 29 Facebook 15,102 426 YouTube 12,436 338 Outlook.com 9,315 115 Clarin.com 7,586 49 Top apps USERS 000s AV MINUTES (DEC 2015) PER MONTH Dropbox App 1,271 9 Spotify App 1,022 7 WhatsApp 772 3 Stream App 504 11 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES DAILY MINUTES PER 000s SUBSCRIBER HH Netflix 417 32 Cablevisión on Demand 88 N/A DirecTV On Demand 79 N/A Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS MONTHLY UNIQUE 000s VISITORS Spotify 1,552 SoundCloud 595 Mimp3.me 174 Last.fm 148 Goear.com 126
  • 43. 43 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Smartphone penetration % of online population 62 75 76 76 Tablet penetration % of online population 24 46 49 48 Online retail in AUD bn 15.2 16.6 23.4 30.0 E-commerce per adult internet user AUD (2016 = 16-64) 936 1,024 1,418 2,141 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online 2.42 2.56 2.57 2.60 TV 2.68 2.68 2.64 2.60 Print 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.40 Radio 1.73 1.82 1.87 1.90 Total 7.34 7.54 7.53 7.50 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 33 34 34 35 TV 37 36 35 35 Print 7 6 6 5 Radio 24 24 25 25 Total 100 100 100 100 Australia Historic sources: Roy Morgan Asteroid; Nielsen; eMarketer; TNS; Quickflix; FetchTV; Akamai 91%2016e 16-64 INTERNET USERS % 1,5302016e E-COMMERCE PER 16-64 INTERNET USER USD 20%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 73%2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUES 000s* AV MINUTES (Dec 2015) PER MONTH Google 14,985 134 MSN/Outlook/Bing 10,843 132 Facebook 10,175 332 YouTube 8,409 176 eBay 6,916 97 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Facebook 18 12 YouTube 14 10 Instagram 6 4 Google+ 5 3 Twitter 5 3 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED DAILY MINUTES HOMES 000s PER SUBSCRIBER HH Netflix 1,035,000 n/a Stan (NEC/Fairfax) 300,000 n/a FetchTV 140,000 n/a Quickflix 60,000 n/a Presto n/a n/a Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s** Apple Music 8,010 Shazam 1,569 Google Play 1,067 Spotify 1,548 Pandora 874 * ex mobile ** Nielsen Smartphone and Tablet inc Apps (Dec 2015)
  • 44. 44 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Smartphone penetration % 44 59 63 65 Tablet penetration % 27 37 40 41 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online 0.90 0.97 3.14 3.29 TV 2.30 2.42 3.14 3.14 Print 0.60 0.51 0.82 0.79 Radio 3.00 3.18 3.39 3.39 Total 6.80 7.08 10.48 10.61 Adult media usage (percentages) Online (average for whole 14+ population) 13 14 30 31 TV 34 34 30 30 Print 9 7 8 7 Radio 44 45 32 32 Total 100 100 100 100 Austria SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUES 000s* willhaben.at 2,567 derstandard.at 1,803 gmx.at 1,568 krone.at 1,539 herold.at 1,387 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 00s Netflix (last 4 weeks) 345 YouTube (last 4 weeks) 4,247 My Video (last 4 weeks) 27 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS 000s All apps together 3,693 WhatsApp Messenger 1,800 Facebook Messenger 1,400 Facebook 1,100 Snapchat 600 Streaming Audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify (last 4 weeks) 329 Historic sources: Media Analyse, Media Server; ÖWA; AIM; Appanie 83% 2016e 14+ INTERNET USERS % 25%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY *ex mobile. Unique sites (not network aggregates) SNAPSHOT
  • 45. 45 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 92% 2016e 12+ INTERNET USERS % 23% 2015e AUTOMATED % AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 2013 2014 2015 2016e Smartphone penetration % of all 12+ 41 43 58 64 Tablet penetration % of all 12+ 16 30 39 44 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online TV 4.30 4.28 4.37 4.35 Print Radio 4.32 4.25 3.96 4.00 Total 8.62 8.53 8.33 8.35 Historic sources: CIM TV/Radio/ Digital; CIM/GfK Belgium SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUE 000S AV MINUTES PER MONTH Het Laatste Nieuws 2,635 119 Nieuwsblad 2,265 101 Yellow Pages 2,224 6 2dehands / 2demain 1,984 83 Knack Le Vif 1,882 30 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s Stievie n/a Yellow TV 380 Netflix 50 to 70 Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify accounts 420
  • 46. 46 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Smartphone penetration % of phone users 27 34 38 43 Tablet penetration % of whole population 3 13 17 20 E-commerce in BRL bn (excluding travel) 30 39 41 46 E-commerce per adult internet user BRL 322 381 361 384 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (per online user) 3.00 3.40 3.49 3.75 Online (average for all 15+) 1.83 2.25 2.53 2.83 TV 4.70 4.60 4.45 4.35 Print 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.00 Radio 2.50 2.50 2.48 2.45 Total 10.03 10.35 10.47 10.63 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 18 22 24 27 TV 47 44 42 41 Print 10 10 10 9 Radio 25 24 24 23 Total 100 100 100 100 Brazil SNAPSHOT Historic sources: TGI Ibope; comScore; ABComm; PwC; Anatel; eMarketer; Euromonitor 3% 2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY 75% 2016e 15+ INTERNET USERS % 96 2016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD Top websites UNIQUES AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Google Sites 89,968 1,103 Facebook 81,101 1,817 R7 Portal 70,625 35 Globo 65,581 102 UOL 64,120 64 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS 000s WhatsApp 45,663 Facebook 38,789 YouTube 29,460 Instagram 18,167 Twitter 6,874 OTT SVOD Not reported. Netflix said to have ca. 4 million homes
  • 47. 47 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 58% 2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY 82% 2016e ADULT INTERNET USERS % 1,046 2016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 2013 2014 2015 2016e Smartphone penetration % of whole 18+ population 35 55 61 62 Tablet penetration % of whole 18+ population 33 38 42 45 E-commerce in CAD bn (excluding travel) 22 25 30 34 E-commerce per adult internet user CAD 987 1,153 1,283 1,443 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (average for all 18+) 3.22 3.49 4.12 4.73 TV 3.32 3.27 3.24 3.21 Print 0.32 0.30 0.27 0.25 Radio 1.43 1.42 1.40 1.39 Total 8.29 8.48 9.03 9.58 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 39 41 46 49 TV 40 39 36 34 Print 4 4 3 3 Radio 17 17 16 15 Total 100 100 100 100 Canada SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUES AV MINUTES 000s* PER MONTH Google.ca 23,140 1,955 Google.com 20,909 2,543 Facebook.com x19,055 7,935 YouTube.com 17,053 5,090 Live.com 14,208 2,354 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s** PER MONTH Facebook 14,411 13,242 Facebook Messenger 12,874 4,058 YouTube 11,483 5,681 Google Search 8,068 2,479 Google Play 7,462 272 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES WEEKLY MINUTES 000s PER SUBSCRIBER Netflix 4,000 60 Crave TV/Shomi 1 million combined*** 50 combined Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS MONTHLY UNIQUE 000s VISITORS Spotify 6,700 3,398 Google Play (formerly Songza) 6,000 1,212 SoundCloud* n/a 3,175 RDIO* n/a 238 JANGO* n/a 182 Historic sources: comScore; Numeris INfoSys TV; PMB; NADbank; eMarketer * desktop only annual average **mobile annual average ***individual subscriber numbers unavailable
  • 48. 48 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: comScore; TGI; Camara de Comercio; Ibope; Ipsos; Digital TV Research Ltd Chile SNAPSHOT 58% 2016e ADULT INTERNET USERS % 335 2016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD Smartphone penetration % (of whole population) 64 76 80 Tablet penetration % (of whole population) 16 19 22 E-commerce in USD bn (excluding travel) 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.6 E-commerce per adult internet user USD 303 319 335 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (per 18+ user) 1.05 0.95 0.92 Online (average for whole population) 0.53 0.52 0.54 TV (18+) 3.98 3.92 3.83 3.73 Print 0.40 0.37 0.33 RADIO 4.00 3.83 3.67 Total 8.85 8.55 8.27 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 6 6 6 TV 44 45 45 Print 5 4 4 Radio 45 45 44 Total 100 100 100 100 Top websites UNIQUES AV DAILY 000s MINUTES Google.cl 6,163 3 Facebook.com 4,988 17 Google.com 4,311 8 YouTube.com 4,162 24 Live.com 3,834 8 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS 000s Whatsapp Messenger n/a Messenger n/a Facebook n/a YouTube n/a Instagram n/a OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s Netflix 390 Bazuca n/a Google Play n/a Apple TV n/a iTunes Movies n/a
  • 49. 49 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 52% 2016e 20+ INTERNET USERS % 1,251 2016e ONLINE SHOPPING PER 20+ INTERNET USER USD 9% 2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: China National Resident Survey; CNNIC; iResearch China Online Shopping reports; MIT; iResearch 2015 media hours are January-June only China SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % of phone users 33 45 60 70 Tablet penetration % of whole population 13 17 16 18 E-commerce in CNY billion (including B2B, 10,116 13,100 15,900 18,500 travel, O2O, excluding group buying) (online shopping only) 1,892 2,785 3,900 4,500 (online shopping via PCs) 1,618 1,844 1,900 1,500 (online shopping via mobile devices) 274 941 2,000 3,000 (online shopping only) per adult internet user CNY 4,130 5,686 7,459 8,182 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Ages 15-69 36 cities Online (per online user) 3.26 3.58 3.37 3.42 TV (per viewer) 2.70 2.61 2.61 2.55 Print (per reader) 0.64 0.61 0.56 0.53 Radio (per listener) 0.81 1.11 1.04 0.92 Total 7.41 7.91 7.57 7.42 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 44 45 44 46 TV 36 33 34 34 Print 9 8 7 7 Radio 11 14 14 12 Total 100 100 100 100 Top websites UNIQUE AV MINUTES 000s* PER MONTH qq.com [腾讯] 458,426 123 baidu.com [百度] 469,445 103 360.cn [360安全中心] 311,046 27 haosou.com [好搜] 340,344 24 taobao.com [淘宝网] 324,606 112 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s** PER MONTH WeChat [微信] 543,039 492 QQ 500,987 471 iQIYI [爱奇艺] 273,024 517 Mobile Taobao [手机淘宝] 235,103 119 Sogou Input [搜狗手机输入法] 214,216 n/a (input apps run in parallel)
  • 50. 50 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: MML-TGI; NetMonitor;Mediaresearch; APEK Czech Republic 77% 2016e ADULT INTERNET USERS % 3452016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 12%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 5%2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % of phone users 11 33 45 50 Tablet penetration % of phone users 2 13 18 22 E-commerce in EUR bn (excluding travel) 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.2 E-commerce per adult internet user EUR 240 274 301 314 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (per 15+ user) 1.86 2.40 2.70 2.80 Online (average for whole population) 1.37 1.84 2.08 2.17 TV 3.58 3.68 3.70 3.50 Print 0.31 0.20 0.20 0.18 Radio 2.17 2.28 2.40 2.25 Total 7.43 8.00 8.38 8.10 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 18 23 25 27 TV 48 46 44 43 Print 4 2 2 2 Radio 29 28 29 28 Total 100 100 100 100 Top websites UNIQUES AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH seznam.cz 5,749 814 novinky.cz 4,063 124 idnes.cz 3,690 107 super.cz 3,217 59 heureka.cz 2,810 34 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s O2 TV 200 Netflix n/a UPC Horizon Go n/a
  • 51. 51 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 97% 2015e ADULT INTERNET USERS % 3,266 2016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: Danskernes mdievaner; Danish Chamber of Commerce; Gemius; eMarketer; Bloomberg Denmark SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % 60 73 81 83 Tablet penetration % 41 58 69 73 E-commerce in DKr bn excluding travel 58.7 69.7 87.8 95.5 E-commerce per adult internet user DKr 14,379 16,607 20,845 22,153 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online 1.57 1.62 1.70 1.81 TV 2.26 2.21 2.19 2.18 Print 0.52 0.46 0.45 0.43 Radio 1.35 1.33 1.32 1.31 Total 5.70 5.62 5.66 5.73 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 28 29 30 32 TV 40 39 39 38 Print 9 8 8 8 Radio 24 24 23 23 Total 100 100 100 100 Top websites UNIQUES AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH dr.dk 1,850 n/a tv2.dk 1,500 n/a ekstrabladet.dk 1,300 n/a bt.dk 1,000 n/a krak.dk 1,350 n/a Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH TV 2 Nyhedscenter n/a 33,400,807 TV TID n/a 40,997,940 DBA n/a 49,596,562 TV 2 Vejrcenter n/a 1,962,961 Bilbasen n/a 11,074,348 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED DAILY MINUTES HOMES 000s PER SUBSCRIBER HH Netflix 494 15 Viaplay 156 14 Tv2 Play 130 13 YouBio 78 12 Tv3 Play 78 11 Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify 400 Tidal 150 TDC Play 50 Deezer 25 Napster 20
  • 52. 52 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Finland Smartphone penetration % of whole population 56 66 70 75 Tablet penetration % of whole population 21 40 46 52 E-commerce in EUR bn (excluding travel) 7.6 6.7 7.5 8.0 E-commerce per adult internet user EUR 2,342 1,926 2,113 2,228 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (per online user) 2.30 2.45 2.60 2.86 Online (average for all 18+) 1.72 1.95 2.10 2.32 TV 2.57 2.53 2.45 2.36 Print 0.95 0.83 0.80 0.78 Radio 1.72 1.60 1.55 1.52 Total 6.96 6.91 6.90 6.98 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 25 28 30 33 TV 37 37 36 34 Print 14 12 12 11 Radio 25 23 22 22 Total 100 100 100 100 Historic sources: TNS Atlas; comScore 82%2016e ADULT INTERNET USERS % 2,4752016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 10%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ALL ONLINE 15%2015e AUTOMATED AD INVESTMENT OF ALL ONLINE SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUES AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH MSN 2,157 139 Facebook 2,147 528 Ilta-Sanomat 1,848 136 Iltalehti 1,837 140 YouTube 1,826 538 Top apps Facebook YouTube Google Maps WhatsApp Gmail OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s Netflix 668 Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify 600
  • 53. 53 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Top websites* UNIQUES AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Google 39,353 2.27 Facebook 25,011 4.90 YouTube 22,589 2.52 Amazon 21,118 0.58 Orange 18,451 2.40 Top apps** ESTIMATED USERS 000s Samsung Apps 13,262 Game center 9,052 Deezer 3,886 Waze 3,698 Orange 3,520 OTT SVOD*** ESTIMATED USERS 000s Netflix 2,192 CanalPlay 2,154 iTunes 2,154 myTF1vod 1,928 Google Play 1,663 Streaming audio* ESTIMATED USERS 000s Deezer 3,339 Dailymotion Music 1,507 NRJ 1,144 La coccinnelle du Net 723 SoundCloud 605 2013 2014 2015 2016e France Historic sources: Médiamétrie, 126 000, NetRatings, Media In Life (GroupM); IP; Les Echos; ARCEP; SRI UDECAM 78%2016e 12+ INTERNET USERS % 1,7582016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 30%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 40%2015e AUTOMATED AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % of whole population 53 56 58 62 Tablet penetration % of whole population 19 36 38 45 E-commerce in EUR bn (including travel) 50.0 57.0 65.0 70.0 E-commerce per 12+ internet user EUR 1,182 1,317 1,479 1,582 E-commerce excluding travel is not available Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online 1.48 1.61 1.77 1.88 TV 4.03 3.85 3.88 3.92 Print 0.80 0.78 0.75 0.72 Radio 2.47 2.38 2.37 2.40 Total 8.78 8.62 8.77 8.92 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 17 19 20 21 TV 46 45 44 44 Print 9 9 9 8 Radio 28 28 27 27 Total 100 100 100 100 *MNR/Mediametrie/Desktop **MNR/ Mediametrie/Mobile *** GroupM Panel/November 2015
  • 54. 54 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 Top websites* UNIQUES 000s T-Online 31,360 gutefrage.net 21,470 eBay.de 21,300 FOCUS Online 19,450 Web.de 19,370 Bild 19,120 Top apps** ESTIMATED USERS 000s Web.de 3,560 Wetter.de 3,450 GMX 2,860 Mobile.de 2,800 TV Spielfilm 2,540 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s Amazon Prime 9,083 Maxdome 5,109 Netflix 3,690 Watchever 1,987 Snap by Sky 1,703 Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify 12,600 Google Play Music 3,600 Deezer 2,800 Napster 2,200 Simfy 1,600 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: ZDF/ARD; Statista. de; AGOF; Goldmedia; Bitkom * AGOF October 2015 **AGOF Germany 84% 2016e 10+ INTERNET USERS % 8362016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 25%2014e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % 41 50 55 61 Tablet penetration % 25 33 38 43 E-commerce in EUR bn (excluding travel) 33.1 37.1 41.7 42.5 E-commerce per10+ internet user EUR 637 667 743 752 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (desktop only, whole population) 1.91 1.80 1.78 1.60 TV 3.68 3.68 3.47 3.40 Print 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.50 Radio 2.28 2.50 2.89 2.89 Total 8.33 8.46 8.64 8.39 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 23 21 21 19 TV 44 44 40 41 Print 6 6 6 6 Radio 27 30 33 34 Total 100 100 100 100
  • 55. 55 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 64% 2016e INTERNET USERS % OF 13-70s 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: TGI; FocusBari; Web-id; Ened; Google Analytics Greece SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % of phone users 35 45 52 55 Tablet penetration % 5 11 15 18 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online 2.20 2.35 2.35 TV 2.50 2.50 2.50 Print 0.59 0.50 0.50 Radio 1.90 1.90 1.90 Total 7.19 7.25 7.25 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 31 32 32 TV 35 34 34 Print 8 7 7 Radio 26 26 26 Total 100 100 100 100 Top websites UNIQUES 000s Newsbomb.gr 4,597,280 Lifo.gr 4,124,339 Protothema.gr 4,028,107 iEfimerida.gr 3,966,362 Newsit.gr 3,952,248 Streaming Audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify 650,000
  • 56. 56 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: Nielsen Media Index; comScore Hong Kong 89% 2016e ADULT INTERNET USERS % SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUE AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Yahoo.com.hk 3,655 7.2 Google.com.hk 3,272 3.9 Yahoo.com 2,465 5.1 Facebook.com 2,405 13.7 Google.com 2,402 7.5 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Next Media Interactive Ltd. 3,989 78.6 Oriental Press Group 2,415 14.5 Yahoo Sites 2,295 20.7 HKET Holdings 1,987 10.9 OpenRice 1,977 27.9 OTT SVOD Netflix launched Jan 2016 LeEco Smartphone penetration % 53 62 80 85 Tablet penetration % 21 24 34 40 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online 2.40 2.43 2.85 2.95 TV 2.75 2.23 2.15 2.11 Print 1.17 1.12 1.10 1.07 Radio 1.10 1.05 1.02 1.01 Total 7.42 6.83 7.12 7.14 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 32 36 40 41 TV 37 33 30 30 Print 16 16 15 15 Radio 15 15 14 14 Total 100 100 100 100
  • 57. 57 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: Gemius-Ipsos; Nielsen; Millward Brown TGI; Ipsos/ GfK; IAB Hungary 64% 2015e 18+ INTERNET USERS % 307 2016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 30% 2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % of whole population 24 31 41 55 Tablet penetration % of whole population 6 11 15 18 E-commerce in HUF bn (including travel) 210 273 355 447 E-commerce per adult internet user HUF 44,322 54,688 69,690 86,628 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (per online user) 1.71 1.90 2.55 3.10 Online (average for all adults) 0.99 1.17 1.60 1.97 TV 5.02 5.02 4.98 4.95 Print 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 Radio 2.95 2.85 3.00 3.00 Total 9.32 9.39 9.93 10.27 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 11 12 16 19 TV 54 53 50 48 Print 4 4 4 3 Radio 32 30 30 29 Total 100 100 100 100 Top websites UNIQUE AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH origo.hu 1,409 26 blog.hu 1,294 4 arukereso.hu 1,180 5 index.hu 1,158 50 jofogas.hu 1,120 21 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS 000s Facebook 2,000 Facebook Messenger 1,500 YouTube 1,000 Viber 800 Instagram 600 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s Netflix 50 Streaming audio ESTIMATED USERS 000s Spotify 150 Deezer 90 SoundCloud 80
  • 58. 58 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e India Top websites UNIQUE AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Google Sites 72,653 180 Facebook 47,590 156 Microsoft Sites 34,991 35 Yahoo Sites 33,224 70 Amazon Sites 29,323 19 BitTorrent Network 26,693 1 Flipkart sites 24,255 20 Times Internet Limited 20,718 26 Jabong.com 19,750 6 OTT SVOD Hotstar (Star India) Sony Live dittoTV (Zee) ErosNow HOOQ (Sony/Warner) VOOT (Viacom) ALT Digital (Balaji; June 2016) Frost Sullivan estimates 1.3 million OTT paid video subscribers Smartphone penetration % (of all handset users) 14.8 21.0 26.0 28.3 Tablet penetration % (of all internet users) 2.0 2.7 3.9 13.0 E-commerce in USD bn (including travel) 13 16 21 38 E-commerce per 12+ internet user USD 67 63 61 89 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (average of 12+users) 3.40 3.77 3.90 3.27 Online (average for all 12+) 0.68 1.03 1.41 1.41 TV 2.42 2.59 2.66 3.15 Print (top 10 titles) 0.34 0.28 n/a n/a Radio 0.47 0.47 n/a n/a Total 3.91 4.37 4.07 4.56 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 17 23 TV 62 59 Print 9 6 Radio 12 11 Total 100 100 n/a n/a Historic sources: IAMAI; PwC; comScore; publishers; GroupM estimates 43%2016e 12+ INTERNET USERS % 892016e E-COMMERCE PER 12+ INTERNET USER USD 30%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 50%2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT
  • 59. 59 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Historic sources: eMarketer; comScore; Technasia, Jakarta Post; Merdeka.com Indonesia 40% 2016e iNTERNET USERS % 60 2016e E-COMMERCE PER INTERNET USER USD SNAPSHOT Smartphone penetration % of phone users 17 24 29 40 Tablet penetration % of whole population 2 8 10 13 E-commerce in USD bn (excluding travel) 1.1 1.6 3.4 6.2 E-commerce per internet user USD 15 19 36 60 Top websites UNIQUE AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Google Sites 22,057 209 Facebook 16,006 151 Yahoo sites 10,941 53 Lazada Sites 10,158 4 WordPress.com 7,319 2 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s PER MONTH Whatsapp n/a 180 BBM 55,000 690 Instagram n/a n/a Facebook n/a n/a LINE 30,000 150 Streaming audio AVG. VISIT (JAN 2015) Deezer 555,808 Spotify.com 171,949 Melon.co.id 62,295 langitmusik.co.id 53,055 Guvera 24,696
  • 60. 60 | INTERACTION APRIL 2016 2013 2014 2015 2016e Ireland Smartphone penetration % of phone users 64 70 74 80 Tablet penetration (% of pop. having access to a tablet) 21 29 31 49 E-commerce in EUR bn 4.6 5.3 6.0 7.0 E-commerce per adult internet user EUR 1,390 1,558 1,744 2,034 Adult media usage (hours per day in decimals) Online (per online user, ex streaming) 3.39 Online (average for all 18+, ex streaming) 2.02 2.40 2.50 3.15 TV 2.81 2.60 2.55 2.28 Print 0.83 Radio 2.22 2.42 2.42 1.74 Total 7.05 7.42 7.47 8.00 Adult media usage (percentages) Online 29 32 33 39 TV 40 35 34 29 Print 0 0 0 10 Radio 31 33 32 22 Total 100 100 n/a n/a Historic sources: Eir Household Survey; GWI; Ecommerce Europe; GroupM; comScore *ex mobile 93%2016e ADULT INTERNET USERS % 2,2602016e E-COMMERCE PER ADULT INTERNET USER USD 27%2015e VIDEO AD INVESTMENT OF ONLINE DISPLAY 20%2015e AUTOMATED % OF ONLINE DISPLAY SNAPSHOT Top websites UNIQUE AV MINUTES 000s* PER MONTH RTE.ie 807,000 20 Inpdependent.ie 748,000 33 Irish Times 732,000 19 Wikipedia 728,000 14 BBC 709,000 23 Top apps ESTIMATED USERS AV MINUTES 000s PER DAY Color Switch n/a FB Messenger n/a 18 Whatsapp n/a 13 Snapchat n/a 8 Facebook n/a 45 OTT SVOD ESTIMATED HOMES 000s Netflix 150,000 Google Play Sky Go BBC iPlayer Vimeo Streaming audio iTunes Spotify Apple Music Google Play Music SoundCloud